Exploring the Burden of Colorectal Cancer in Georgia: A Population-based Cancer Registry Analysis

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health issue in Georgia, with high incidence and mortality rates. CRC screening rates in Georgia have improved over time, but are still low. This study aims to assess the distribution of CRC in the Georgian population through an analysis of the national cancer registry. METHODS: Data from the national cancer registry was analyzed for 795 adults diagnosed with CRC in 2021. Univariate and bivariate descriptive statistical analysis were performed using contingency tables and the Pearson chi-square test. RESULTS: Among the study sample, 50.57% (n = 402) of CRC cases occurred in males and 49.43% (n = 393) in females. Only 5.40% of CRC cases were detected through screening uptake. Malignant neoplasm of the rectum was the most commonly detected subsite, with localized stage being the most common stage at diagnosis. CRC subsite was significantly associated with TNM stage (X2= 31.24; p < 0.008). The mean age of patients was 65.89±11.27 years. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the need for increased CRC screening efforts in Georgia to facilitate the transition from curative to preventive cancer care. Improved screening rates could aid in the early detection and prevention of CRC. KEY MESSAGES: • Malignant neoplasm of the rectum was the most commonly detected subsite, with localized stage being the most common stage at diagnosis. • Improved screening efforts could aid in the early detection and prevention of CRC, facilitating the transition from curative to preventive cancer care.