Gender-specific personal values and life priorities: Insights from the Bedouin minority in Israel

INTRODUCTION: Personal values play a crucial role in shaping health behaviors and decision-making. The study aimed to explore the values and priorities of the Bedouin minority in Israel using the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ-21). While the PVQ-21 is widely used, few studies have examined its use among minority populations in Israel. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 331 Bedouin participants in Southern Israel. Participants completed the PVQ-21 questionnaire, which measures four key values related to self-transcendence (universalism and benevolence), self-enhancement (achievement and power), openness to change (self-direction, stimulation and hedonism), and conservation (security, conformity and tradition). RESULTS: The overall PVQ-21 score was significantly higher (p < 0.001) among Bedouin males (6.40±0.67) than females (5.92±0.89). Gender differences were significantly higher among men in self-transcendence (7.02±0.9 vs. 6.02± 1.21, respectively) and conservation (7.04±0.73 vs. 6.11±1.07, respectively), but not in self-enhancement and openness to change. Specifically, significant differences (p < 0.05) in conservation values were observed between residents of recognized towns and residents of newly recognized/unrecognized villages (6.66±1.07 vs. 6.42±0.95, respectively). Religiosity, marital status, and education were significantly associated with self-transcendence and conservation values. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides valuable insights into the personal values and priorities of the Bedouin minority in Israel. The results suggest that Bedouin women prioritize values related to benevolence and conservation, which may reflect the traditional gender roles and expectations within Bedouin society. Recognizing the cultural context and unique value orientations within minority populations is essential for developing effective and inclusive health promotion strategies that can contribute to reducing health disparities and improving overall well-being. KEY MESSAGES: • Gender differences in personal values among Bedouin minority in Israel highlight the importance of understanding cultural context. • Recognizing the value priorities of minority populations is crucial for developing effective and inclusive health promotion strategies that address health disparities.