Risk factors associated with falls among older adults with diabetes

BACKGROUND: Globally, falls are a major public health concern and it is the second leading cause of death due to unintentional injury. The prevalence of falls in older adults with diabetes is unknown in many parts of the world. This study aims to explore the association between diabetes-related comorbidities and falls among older adults with diabetes. The study aims to provide evidence and advice for the preventing falls among this vulnerable population. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of all older adults with diabetes aged 60 years or older with at least one encounter with the primary health care centers in Qatar during the period 2017-2022. Data on documented falls, demographic variables, and medical comorbidities were extracted from all primary care centers in Qatar. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to address the aim of the study. RESULTS: A total of 38,285 older adults with diabetes had at least one encounter with the primary care clinics. The median age was 68.0 years, 56.8% were males, and 40.6% of Qatari nationality.The prevalence of falls was 8.9% (95% CI 6.6 - 6.9). Age, gender (female), nationality, diabetes retinopathy, neuropathy, dyslipidemia, and hypertension were independently associated with increased prevalence of falls. CONCLUSIONS: Given a growing population of older adults in the MENA region, the prevalence of falls is a public health concern. The risk factors identified in this study suggest the need for active screening for risk of falls and preventive interventions in this region. KEY MESSAGES: • Prevalence of falls among older individuals with diabetes is relatively high and requires public health attention. • Females, and older adults with diabetes retinopathy, neuropathy, dyslipidemia, and hypertension are at a higher risk for falls in our sample.