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Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño
The Atlantic Niño is characterized by sea surface warming in the equatorial Atlantic, which can trigger La Niña, the cold phase of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Although observations show that the Atlantic Niño has weakened by approximately 30% since the 1970s, its remote influence on ENSO re...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Association for the Advancement of Science
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10599612/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37878709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi5507 |
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author | Zhang, Lei Wang, Chunzai Han, Weiqing McPhaden, Michael J. Hu, Aixue Xing, Wen |
author_facet | Zhang, Lei Wang, Chunzai Han, Weiqing McPhaden, Michael J. Hu, Aixue Xing, Wen |
author_sort | Zhang, Lei |
collection | PubMed |
description | The Atlantic Niño is characterized by sea surface warming in the equatorial Atlantic, which can trigger La Niña, the cold phase of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Although observations show that the Atlantic Niño has weakened by approximately 30% since the 1970s, its remote influence on ENSO remains strong. Here, we show that this apparent discrepancy is due to the existence of two types of Atlantic Niño with distinct patterns and climatic impacts, which we refer to as the central and eastern Atlantic Niño. Our results show that with equal strength, the central Atlantic Niño has a stronger influence on tropical climate than its eastern counterpart. Meanwhile, the eastern Atlantic Niño has weakened by approximately 50% in recent decades, allowing the central Atlantic Niño to emerge and dominate the remote impact on ENSO. Given the distinct climatic impacts of the two types, it is necessary to distinguish between them and investigate their behaviors and influences on climate in future studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10599612 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105996122023-10-26 Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño Zhang, Lei Wang, Chunzai Han, Weiqing McPhaden, Michael J. Hu, Aixue Xing, Wen Sci Adv Earth, Environmental, Ecological, and Space Sciences The Atlantic Niño is characterized by sea surface warming in the equatorial Atlantic, which can trigger La Niña, the cold phase of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Although observations show that the Atlantic Niño has weakened by approximately 30% since the 1970s, its remote influence on ENSO remains strong. Here, we show that this apparent discrepancy is due to the existence of two types of Atlantic Niño with distinct patterns and climatic impacts, which we refer to as the central and eastern Atlantic Niño. Our results show that with equal strength, the central Atlantic Niño has a stronger influence on tropical climate than its eastern counterpart. Meanwhile, the eastern Atlantic Niño has weakened by approximately 50% in recent decades, allowing the central Atlantic Niño to emerge and dominate the remote impact on ENSO. Given the distinct climatic impacts of the two types, it is necessary to distinguish between them and investigate their behaviors and influences on climate in future studies. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2023-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10599612/ /pubmed/37878709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi5507 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Earth, Environmental, Ecological, and Space Sciences Zhang, Lei Wang, Chunzai Han, Weiqing McPhaden, Michael J. Hu, Aixue Xing, Wen Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño |
title | Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño |
title_full | Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño |
title_fullStr | Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño |
title_full_unstemmed | Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño |
title_short | Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño |
title_sort | emergence of the central atlantic niño |
topic | Earth, Environmental, Ecological, and Space Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10599612/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37878709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi5507 |
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