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Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses

Increasing indications, reports and studies demonstrate that threats from the deliberate use of chemical weapons remain high and are evolving. One of the deadliest classes of chemical weapons are the organophosphorus nerve agents. It is now clear that both state and non-state actors have the ability...

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Autores principales: Dorandeu, Frédéric, Singer, Christopher, Chatfield, Steven, Chilcott, Robert P., Hall, Jonathan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10599800/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37883238
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001060
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author Dorandeu, Frédéric
Singer, Christopher
Chatfield, Steven
Chilcott, Robert P.
Hall, Jonathan
author_facet Dorandeu, Frédéric
Singer, Christopher
Chatfield, Steven
Chilcott, Robert P.
Hall, Jonathan
author_sort Dorandeu, Frédéric
collection PubMed
description Increasing indications, reports and studies demonstrate that threats from the deliberate use of chemical weapons remain high and are evolving. One of the deadliest classes of chemical weapons are the organophosphorus nerve agents. It is now clear that both state and non-state actors have the ability to deploy and use these types of weapons against individuals and the wider civilian population posing a real and significant threat. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the issues impacting on a timely critical response to the accidental or deliberate release of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents in order to enhance the understanding of their effects and provide guidance on how first responders might better treat themselves or victims of exposure through a discussion of available evidence and best practices for rapid skin decontamination. The article also examines use of the current nomenclature of ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ to describe different forms of decontamination. One of the key conclusions of this article is that adequate preparedness is essential to ensuring that responders are trained to understand the threat posed by Organophosphorus Nerve Agents as well as how to approach a contaminated environment. A key aspect to achieving this will be to ensure that generic medical countermeasures are forward-deployed and available, preferably within minutes of a contamination and that first responders know how to use them.
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spelling pubmed-105998002023-10-26 Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses Dorandeu, Frédéric Singer, Christopher Chatfield, Steven Chilcott, Robert P. Hall, Jonathan Eur J Emerg Med Reviews Increasing indications, reports and studies demonstrate that threats from the deliberate use of chemical weapons remain high and are evolving. One of the deadliest classes of chemical weapons are the organophosphorus nerve agents. It is now clear that both state and non-state actors have the ability to deploy and use these types of weapons against individuals and the wider civilian population posing a real and significant threat. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the issues impacting on a timely critical response to the accidental or deliberate release of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents in order to enhance the understanding of their effects and provide guidance on how first responders might better treat themselves or victims of exposure through a discussion of available evidence and best practices for rapid skin decontamination. The article also examines use of the current nomenclature of ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ to describe different forms of decontamination. One of the key conclusions of this article is that adequate preparedness is essential to ensuring that responders are trained to understand the threat posed by Organophosphorus Nerve Agents as well as how to approach a contaminated environment. A key aspect to achieving this will be to ensure that generic medical countermeasures are forward-deployed and available, preferably within minutes of a contamination and that first responders know how to use them. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023-12 2023-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10599800/ /pubmed/37883238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001060 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
spellingShingle Reviews
Dorandeu, Frédéric
Singer, Christopher
Chatfield, Steven
Chilcott, Robert P.
Hall, Jonathan
Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses
title Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses
title_full Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses
title_fullStr Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses
title_full_unstemmed Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses
title_short Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses
title_sort exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10599800/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37883238
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001060
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