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Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses
Increasing indications, reports and studies demonstrate that threats from the deliberate use of chemical weapons remain high and are evolving. One of the deadliest classes of chemical weapons are the organophosphorus nerve agents. It is now clear that both state and non-state actors have the ability...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10599800/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37883238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001060 |
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author | Dorandeu, Frédéric Singer, Christopher Chatfield, Steven Chilcott, Robert P. Hall, Jonathan |
author_facet | Dorandeu, Frédéric Singer, Christopher Chatfield, Steven Chilcott, Robert P. Hall, Jonathan |
author_sort | Dorandeu, Frédéric |
collection | PubMed |
description | Increasing indications, reports and studies demonstrate that threats from the deliberate use of chemical weapons remain high and are evolving. One of the deadliest classes of chemical weapons are the organophosphorus nerve agents. It is now clear that both state and non-state actors have the ability to deploy and use these types of weapons against individuals and the wider civilian population posing a real and significant threat. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the issues impacting on a timely critical response to the accidental or deliberate release of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents in order to enhance the understanding of their effects and provide guidance on how first responders might better treat themselves or victims of exposure through a discussion of available evidence and best practices for rapid skin decontamination. The article also examines use of the current nomenclature of ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ to describe different forms of decontamination. One of the key conclusions of this article is that adequate preparedness is essential to ensuring that responders are trained to understand the threat posed by Organophosphorus Nerve Agents as well as how to approach a contaminated environment. A key aspect to achieving this will be to ensure that generic medical countermeasures are forward-deployed and available, preferably within minutes of a contamination and that first responders know how to use them. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10599800 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105998002023-10-26 Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses Dorandeu, Frédéric Singer, Christopher Chatfield, Steven Chilcott, Robert P. Hall, Jonathan Eur J Emerg Med Reviews Increasing indications, reports and studies demonstrate that threats from the deliberate use of chemical weapons remain high and are evolving. One of the deadliest classes of chemical weapons are the organophosphorus nerve agents. It is now clear that both state and non-state actors have the ability to deploy and use these types of weapons against individuals and the wider civilian population posing a real and significant threat. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the issues impacting on a timely critical response to the accidental or deliberate release of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents in order to enhance the understanding of their effects and provide guidance on how first responders might better treat themselves or victims of exposure through a discussion of available evidence and best practices for rapid skin decontamination. The article also examines use of the current nomenclature of ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ to describe different forms of decontamination. One of the key conclusions of this article is that adequate preparedness is essential to ensuring that responders are trained to understand the threat posed by Organophosphorus Nerve Agents as well as how to approach a contaminated environment. A key aspect to achieving this will be to ensure that generic medical countermeasures are forward-deployed and available, preferably within minutes of a contamination and that first responders know how to use them. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023-12 2023-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10599800/ /pubmed/37883238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001060 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. |
spellingShingle | Reviews Dorandeu, Frédéric Singer, Christopher Chatfield, Steven Chilcott, Robert P. Hall, Jonathan Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses |
title | Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses |
title_full | Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses |
title_fullStr | Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses |
title_full_unstemmed | Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses |
title_short | Exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses |
title_sort | exposure to organophosphorus compounds: best practice in managing timely, effective emergency responses |
topic | Reviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10599800/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37883238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0000000000001060 |
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