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Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review

Numerous disabling motor and non-motor symptoms occur during Parkinson’s disease (PD), including speech disorders, often referred to as hypokinetic dysarthria. PD is the most common cause of this type of dysarthria. About 90% of PD patients experience hypokinetic dysarthria, which is exacerbated as...

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Autores principales: Atalar, Merve Sapmaz, Oguz, Ozlem, Genc, Gencer
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Med Bull Sisli Etfal Hosp 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10600629/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37899809
http://dx.doi.org/10.14744/SEMB.2023.29560
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author Atalar, Merve Sapmaz
Oguz, Ozlem
Genc, Gencer
author_facet Atalar, Merve Sapmaz
Oguz, Ozlem
Genc, Gencer
author_sort Atalar, Merve Sapmaz
collection PubMed
description Numerous disabling motor and non-motor symptoms occur during Parkinson’s disease (PD), including speech disorders, often referred to as hypokinetic dysarthria. PD is the most common cause of this type of dysarthria. About 90% of PD patients experience hypokinetic dysarthria, which is exacerbated as the disease progresses and makes it very difficult for other people to understand the person with PD. This disorder is characterized by a monotonous speech pattern, reduced and monotonous loudness, decreased stress, a breathy or hoarse voice quality, an increase in speech rate, rapid repetition of phonemes, and impreciseness in consonant production. However, patients may also have sensory symptoms including inaccurate perceptions of their own loudness and decreased awareness of speech problems. Hypokinetic dysarthria in PD may not only result from dopamine degeneration in the nigrostriatal pathway but also from disturbances in the motor and somatosensory systems. All speech components, such as phonation, articulation, respiration, resonance, and prosody should be assessed carefully in PD patients with hypokinetic dysarthria. Taking medical history, an oral motor assessment, a perceptual evaluation of speech characteristics, intelligibility, efficiency, and participation in communication all need to be a part of the assessment. The tasks of maximum phonation time, diadochokinetic rate, reading sentences, words, and passages, describing pictures, and spontaneous speech are used to assess the features of speech components and intelligibility. The evaluation should include physiological, acoustic, or imaging modalities as well. Speech therapy is typically the main treatment of speech problems in PD. The management of PD-related hypokinetic dysarthria basically focuses on speaker-oriented and communication-oriented strategies. In addition to these strategies, Augmentative Alternative Communication (AAC) should be considered in patients with severe dysarthria. Loudness, intelligibility, and sound perception may all significantly improve with the Lee Silverman Voice Therapy LOUD (LSVT LOUD) program which is an evidence-based program. The beneficial effect of pharmacological and surgical treatment approaches has not been proven in improving speech. Deep brain stimulation may carry the risk of the deterioration of speech as the illness progresses.
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spelling pubmed-106006292023-10-27 Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review Atalar, Merve Sapmaz Oguz, Ozlem Genc, Gencer Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul Review Article Numerous disabling motor and non-motor symptoms occur during Parkinson’s disease (PD), including speech disorders, often referred to as hypokinetic dysarthria. PD is the most common cause of this type of dysarthria. About 90% of PD patients experience hypokinetic dysarthria, which is exacerbated as the disease progresses and makes it very difficult for other people to understand the person with PD. This disorder is characterized by a monotonous speech pattern, reduced and monotonous loudness, decreased stress, a breathy or hoarse voice quality, an increase in speech rate, rapid repetition of phonemes, and impreciseness in consonant production. However, patients may also have sensory symptoms including inaccurate perceptions of their own loudness and decreased awareness of speech problems. Hypokinetic dysarthria in PD may not only result from dopamine degeneration in the nigrostriatal pathway but also from disturbances in the motor and somatosensory systems. All speech components, such as phonation, articulation, respiration, resonance, and prosody should be assessed carefully in PD patients with hypokinetic dysarthria. Taking medical history, an oral motor assessment, a perceptual evaluation of speech characteristics, intelligibility, efficiency, and participation in communication all need to be a part of the assessment. The tasks of maximum phonation time, diadochokinetic rate, reading sentences, words, and passages, describing pictures, and spontaneous speech are used to assess the features of speech components and intelligibility. The evaluation should include physiological, acoustic, or imaging modalities as well. Speech therapy is typically the main treatment of speech problems in PD. The management of PD-related hypokinetic dysarthria basically focuses on speaker-oriented and communication-oriented strategies. In addition to these strategies, Augmentative Alternative Communication (AAC) should be considered in patients with severe dysarthria. Loudness, intelligibility, and sound perception may all significantly improve with the Lee Silverman Voice Therapy LOUD (LSVT LOUD) program which is an evidence-based program. The beneficial effect of pharmacological and surgical treatment approaches has not been proven in improving speech. Deep brain stimulation may carry the risk of the deterioration of speech as the illness progresses. Med Bull Sisli Etfal Hosp 2023-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10600629/ /pubmed/37899809 http://dx.doi.org/10.14744/SEMB.2023.29560 Text en ©Copyright 2023 by The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
spellingShingle Review Article
Atalar, Merve Sapmaz
Oguz, Ozlem
Genc, Gencer
Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review
title Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review
title_full Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review
title_fullStr Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review
title_full_unstemmed Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review
title_short Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review
title_sort hypokinetic dysarthria in parkinson’s disease: a narrative review
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10600629/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37899809
http://dx.doi.org/10.14744/SEMB.2023.29560
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