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Apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging

Sound information is transmitted from the cochlea to the brain mainly by type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), which consist of different subtypes with distinct physiological properties and selective expression of molecular markers. It remains unclear how these SGN subtypes distribute along the ton...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wang, Meijian, Lin, Shengyin, Xie, Ruili
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10602254/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37883357
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292676
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author Wang, Meijian
Lin, Shengyin
Xie, Ruili
author_facet Wang, Meijian
Lin, Shengyin
Xie, Ruili
author_sort Wang, Meijian
collection PubMed
description Sound information is transmitted from the cochlea to the brain mainly by type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), which consist of different subtypes with distinct physiological properties and selective expression of molecular markers. It remains unclear how these SGN subtypes distribute along the tonotopic axis, and whether the distribution pattern changes during aging that might underlie age-related hearing loss (ARHL). We investigated these questions using immunohistochemistry in three age groups of CBA/CaJ mice of either sex, including 2–5 months (young), 17–19 months (middle-age), and 28–32 months (old). Mouse cochleae were cryo-sectioned and triple-stained using antibodies against Tuj1, calretinin (CR) and calbindin (CB), which are reportedly expressed in all type I, subtype I(a), and subtype I(b) SGNs, respectively. Labeled SGNs were classified into four groups based on the expression pattern of stained markers, including CR(+) (subtype I(a)), CB(+) (subtype I(b)), CR(+)CB(+) (dual-labeled I(a)/I(b)), and CR(-)CB(-) (subtype I(c)) neurons. The distribution of these SGN groups was analyzed in the apex, middle, and base regions of the cochleae. It showed that the prevalence of subtype I(a), I(b) and dual-labeled I(a)/I(b) SGNs are high in the apex and low in the base. In contrast, the distribution pattern is reversed in I(c) SGNs. Such frequency-dependent distribution is largely maintained during aging except for a preferential reduction of I(c) SGNs, especially in the base. These findings corroborate the prior study based on RNAscope that SGN subtypes show differential vulnerability during aging. It suggests that sound processing of different frequencies involves distinct combinations of SGN subtypes, and the age-dependent loss of I(c) SGNs in the base may especially impact high-frequency hearing during ARHL.
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spelling pubmed-106022542023-10-27 Apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging Wang, Meijian Lin, Shengyin Xie, Ruili PLoS One Research Article Sound information is transmitted from the cochlea to the brain mainly by type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), which consist of different subtypes with distinct physiological properties and selective expression of molecular markers. It remains unclear how these SGN subtypes distribute along the tonotopic axis, and whether the distribution pattern changes during aging that might underlie age-related hearing loss (ARHL). We investigated these questions using immunohistochemistry in three age groups of CBA/CaJ mice of either sex, including 2–5 months (young), 17–19 months (middle-age), and 28–32 months (old). Mouse cochleae were cryo-sectioned and triple-stained using antibodies against Tuj1, calretinin (CR) and calbindin (CB), which are reportedly expressed in all type I, subtype I(a), and subtype I(b) SGNs, respectively. Labeled SGNs were classified into four groups based on the expression pattern of stained markers, including CR(+) (subtype I(a)), CB(+) (subtype I(b)), CR(+)CB(+) (dual-labeled I(a)/I(b)), and CR(-)CB(-) (subtype I(c)) neurons. The distribution of these SGN groups was analyzed in the apex, middle, and base regions of the cochleae. It showed that the prevalence of subtype I(a), I(b) and dual-labeled I(a)/I(b) SGNs are high in the apex and low in the base. In contrast, the distribution pattern is reversed in I(c) SGNs. Such frequency-dependent distribution is largely maintained during aging except for a preferential reduction of I(c) SGNs, especially in the base. These findings corroborate the prior study based on RNAscope that SGN subtypes show differential vulnerability during aging. It suggests that sound processing of different frequencies involves distinct combinations of SGN subtypes, and the age-dependent loss of I(c) SGNs in the base may especially impact high-frequency hearing during ARHL. Public Library of Science 2023-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10602254/ /pubmed/37883357 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292676 Text en © 2023 Wang et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Wang, Meijian
Lin, Shengyin
Xie, Ruili
Apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging
title Apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging
title_full Apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging
title_fullStr Apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging
title_full_unstemmed Apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging
title_short Apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging
title_sort apical-basal distribution of different subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea and the changes during aging
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10602254/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37883357
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292676
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