Congenital pulmonary hypoplasia combined with congenital cardiac disease and ectopic kidney: a case report

BACKGROUND: Congenital pulmonary hypoplasia (CPH) is a rare pulmonary disease featured by incomplete development of pulmonary tissues. Its diagnosis is still a challenge as patients are usually misdiagnosed as atelectasis. CASE PRESENTATION: A female neonate was admitted to our hospital due to post-birth jaundice for 12 hrs. Physical examination showed accelerated breathing. There was no respiratory sound in the left lung. Chest film indicated decline of lucency in the left lung. Chest CT scan indicated absence of left lung and primary bronchus of the left lung. The boundary between left mediastinum was not clearly displayed. Three-dimensional CT scan indicated absence of left lung and left principal bronchus. Cardiac ultrasonography confirmed congenital heart disease. She showed ectopic kidney. Finally, she was diagnosed with CPH concurrent with congenital heart disease and ectopic kidney. CONCLUSIONS: On 17-month follow-up visit, the patient is still survived, but she presents with obstruction in ventilation function.