Clinicopathological Features and the Prevalence of Oxyntic Gland Neoplasm: A Single-center Retrospective Study

OBJECTIVE: We explored the clinicopathological characteristics and disease frequency of oxyntic gland neoplasms (OGNs). METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the data of patients pathologically diagnosed with OGN at an internal medicine clinic. PATIENTS: A total of 13,240 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies were performed on 7,488 patients between December 1, 2017, and March 31, 2021. RESULTS: We identified 27 patients with 30 histopathologically confirmed OGNs, yielding a disease frequency of 0.36% (27/7,488). Furthermore, multiple simultaneous lesions were found in 3 of 27 patients (11%). One (3.3%) of the 30 lesions was present in the antrum, whereas the remaining lesions occurred in the body of the stomach. Nine (33%) of the 27 patients had no history of Helicobacter pylori infection, whereas the remaining 18 (67%) were either currently or had been previously infected. Nevertheless, 27/30 lesions (90%) still occurred in non-atrophied regions. After endoscopic treatment, a histopathological examination of the resected specimens revealed submucosal infiltration in 8 (44%) of the 18 lesions; however, none of the lesions showed submucosal desmoplasia. For all patients with submucosal involvement, only observation was performed. There were no recurrent lesions found on follow-up. CONCLUSION: The period prevalence of OGN was 0.36%, which is much higher than previously reported. The discovery of a small submucosal appearing lesion with a faded yellow or white color and dilated microvasculature, especially in a non-atrophic area of the stomach, should raise suspicion for an OGN, which can be endoscopically managed.