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The correlation of anxiety and depression with C3 and C4 Levels and systemic lupus erythematosus activity
BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are psychosomatic disorders that are frequently observed in chronic conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Anxiety and depression can be induced by immunological and neurotransmitter dysregulation, which is characterized by hypothalamic–pituitary–ad...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10604414/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37884917 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05285-8 |
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author | Shatri, Hamzah Purnamandala Hidayat, Rudy Sinto, Robert Widhani, Alvina Putranto, Rudi Purnamasari, Rr Dyah Ginanjar, Eka Jasirwan, Chyntia Olivia Maurine |
author_facet | Shatri, Hamzah Purnamandala Hidayat, Rudy Sinto, Robert Widhani, Alvina Putranto, Rudi Purnamasari, Rr Dyah Ginanjar, Eka Jasirwan, Chyntia Olivia Maurine |
author_sort | Shatri, Hamzah |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are psychosomatic disorders that are frequently observed in chronic conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Anxiety and depression can be induced by immunological and neurotransmitter dysregulation, which is characterized by hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and activation of complement in the blood, such as C3 and C4. The causes of anxiety and depression in SLE are complex, ranging from neuropsychiatric involvement to drug adverse effects. Detecting anxiety and depression symptoms in SLE patients is critical to preventing disability from impacting quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between anxiety and depression symptomatology, SLE disease activity with levels of C3 and C4 in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional design. The study included 120 SLE patients from Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, aged 18 to 60 years. All patients were requested to complete a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire to assess their anxiety and depression symptoms. Subjects with anxiety and depression were assessed for disease activity using the Mexican Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Systemic Disease Activity (Mex-SLEDAI), and blood samples were collected to test complement C3 and C4 levels. Spearman's correlation test was used to examine the relationship between HADS scores, Mex-SLEDAI, and C3 and C4 levels. RESULTS: The results of the study showed a very weak statistically significant negative correlation between anxiety symptoms based on HADS and C3 levels (r = -0.189; p = 0.038) and a weak correlation between anxiety symptoms and C4 levels (r = -204; p = 0.026). Depressive symptoms based on HADS revealed a very poor connection and no statistical significance with levels of C3 (r = -0.056; p = 0.546) and C4 (r = -0.068; p = 0.461). Anxiety (r = 0.06; p = 0.173) and depression (r = 0.031; p = 0.753) symptoms have a weak and insignificant positive connection with SLE activity. CONCLUSION: C3 and C4 serum levels appeared to decrease when the presence of anxious symptoms increased. There was no significant correlation in SLE disease activity between anxious and depressed patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10604414 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106044142023-10-28 The correlation of anxiety and depression with C3 and C4 Levels and systemic lupus erythematosus activity Shatri, Hamzah Purnamandala Hidayat, Rudy Sinto, Robert Widhani, Alvina Putranto, Rudi Purnamasari, Rr Dyah Ginanjar, Eka Jasirwan, Chyntia Olivia Maurine BMC Psychiatry Research BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are psychosomatic disorders that are frequently observed in chronic conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Anxiety and depression can be induced by immunological and neurotransmitter dysregulation, which is characterized by hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and activation of complement in the blood, such as C3 and C4. The causes of anxiety and depression in SLE are complex, ranging from neuropsychiatric involvement to drug adverse effects. Detecting anxiety and depression symptoms in SLE patients is critical to preventing disability from impacting quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between anxiety and depression symptomatology, SLE disease activity with levels of C3 and C4 in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional design. The study included 120 SLE patients from Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, aged 18 to 60 years. All patients were requested to complete a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire to assess their anxiety and depression symptoms. Subjects with anxiety and depression were assessed for disease activity using the Mexican Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Systemic Disease Activity (Mex-SLEDAI), and blood samples were collected to test complement C3 and C4 levels. Spearman's correlation test was used to examine the relationship between HADS scores, Mex-SLEDAI, and C3 and C4 levels. RESULTS: The results of the study showed a very weak statistically significant negative correlation between anxiety symptoms based on HADS and C3 levels (r = -0.189; p = 0.038) and a weak correlation between anxiety symptoms and C4 levels (r = -204; p = 0.026). Depressive symptoms based on HADS revealed a very poor connection and no statistical significance with levels of C3 (r = -0.056; p = 0.546) and C4 (r = -0.068; p = 0.461). Anxiety (r = 0.06; p = 0.173) and depression (r = 0.031; p = 0.753) symptoms have a weak and insignificant positive connection with SLE activity. CONCLUSION: C3 and C4 serum levels appeared to decrease when the presence of anxious symptoms increased. There was no significant correlation in SLE disease activity between anxious and depressed patients. BioMed Central 2023-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10604414/ /pubmed/37884917 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05285-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Shatri, Hamzah Purnamandala Hidayat, Rudy Sinto, Robert Widhani, Alvina Putranto, Rudi Purnamasari, Rr Dyah Ginanjar, Eka Jasirwan, Chyntia Olivia Maurine The correlation of anxiety and depression with C3 and C4 Levels and systemic lupus erythematosus activity |
title | The correlation of anxiety and depression with C3 and C4 Levels and systemic lupus erythematosus activity |
title_full | The correlation of anxiety and depression with C3 and C4 Levels and systemic lupus erythematosus activity |
title_fullStr | The correlation of anxiety and depression with C3 and C4 Levels and systemic lupus erythematosus activity |
title_full_unstemmed | The correlation of anxiety and depression with C3 and C4 Levels and systemic lupus erythematosus activity |
title_short | The correlation of anxiety and depression with C3 and C4 Levels and systemic lupus erythematosus activity |
title_sort | correlation of anxiety and depression with c3 and c4 levels and systemic lupus erythematosus activity |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10604414/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37884917 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05285-8 |
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