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Lipoprotein(a)—60 Years Later—What Do We Know?
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) molecule includes two protein components: apolipoprotein(a) and apoB100. The molecule is the main transporter of oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) in plasma. The concentration of this strongly atherogenic lipoprotein is predominantly regulated by the LPA gene expression. Lp(a) is...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10605347/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37887316 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12202472 |
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author | Pasławska, Anna Tomasik, Przemysław J. |
author_facet | Pasławska, Anna Tomasik, Przemysław J. |
author_sort | Pasławska, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) molecule includes two protein components: apolipoprotein(a) and apoB100. The molecule is the main transporter of oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) in plasma. The concentration of this strongly atherogenic lipoprotein is predominantly regulated by the LPA gene expression. Lp(a) is regarded as a risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases. Numerous epidemiological, clinical and in vitro studies showed a strong association between increased Lp(a) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), calcific aortic valve disease/aortic stenosis (CAVD/AS), stroke, heart failure or peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Although there are acknowledged contributions of Lp(a) to the mentioned diseases, clinicians struggle with many inconveniences such as a lack of well-established treatment lowering Lp(a), and common guidelines for diagnosing or assessing cardiovascular risk among both adult and pediatric patients. Lp(a) levels are different with regard to a particular race or ethnicity and might fluctuate during childhood. Furthermore, the lack of standardization of assays is an additional impediment. The review presents the recent knowledge on Lp(a) based on clinical and scientific research, but also highlights relevant aspects of future study directions that would approach more suitable and effective managing risk associated with increased Lp(a), as well as control the Lp(a) levels. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10605347 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106053472023-10-28 Lipoprotein(a)—60 Years Later—What Do We Know? Pasławska, Anna Tomasik, Przemysław J. Cells Review Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) molecule includes two protein components: apolipoprotein(a) and apoB100. The molecule is the main transporter of oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) in plasma. The concentration of this strongly atherogenic lipoprotein is predominantly regulated by the LPA gene expression. Lp(a) is regarded as a risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases. Numerous epidemiological, clinical and in vitro studies showed a strong association between increased Lp(a) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), calcific aortic valve disease/aortic stenosis (CAVD/AS), stroke, heart failure or peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Although there are acknowledged contributions of Lp(a) to the mentioned diseases, clinicians struggle with many inconveniences such as a lack of well-established treatment lowering Lp(a), and common guidelines for diagnosing or assessing cardiovascular risk among both adult and pediatric patients. Lp(a) levels are different with regard to a particular race or ethnicity and might fluctuate during childhood. Furthermore, the lack of standardization of assays is an additional impediment. The review presents the recent knowledge on Lp(a) based on clinical and scientific research, but also highlights relevant aspects of future study directions that would approach more suitable and effective managing risk associated with increased Lp(a), as well as control the Lp(a) levels. MDPI 2023-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10605347/ /pubmed/37887316 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12202472 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Pasławska, Anna Tomasik, Przemysław J. Lipoprotein(a)—60 Years Later—What Do We Know? |
title | Lipoprotein(a)—60 Years Later—What Do We Know? |
title_full | Lipoprotein(a)—60 Years Later—What Do We Know? |
title_fullStr | Lipoprotein(a)—60 Years Later—What Do We Know? |
title_full_unstemmed | Lipoprotein(a)—60 Years Later—What Do We Know? |
title_short | Lipoprotein(a)—60 Years Later—What Do We Know? |
title_sort | lipoprotein(a)—60 years later—what do we know? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10605347/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37887316 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12202472 |
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