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The Impact of Heating Rate on the Kinetics of the Nitriding Process for 52100 Steel
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the heating rate of steel balls made of AISI 52100 alloy steel on the kinetics and efficiency of the gas nitriding process when carried out using a chemical reactor with precise thermo-gravimetric measurements, which allowed for changes in sample...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10608022/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37895690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16206708 |
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author | Frączek, Tadeusz Prusak, Rafał Michalski, Jerzy Skuza, Zbigniew Ogórek, Marzena |
author_facet | Frączek, Tadeusz Prusak, Rafał Michalski, Jerzy Skuza, Zbigniew Ogórek, Marzena |
author_sort | Frączek, Tadeusz |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the heating rate of steel balls made of AISI 52100 alloy steel on the kinetics and efficiency of the gas nitriding process when carried out using a chemical reactor with precise thermo-gravimetric measurements, which allowed for changes in sample mass during heating and nitriding to be monitored with an accuracy of 50 µg. In the chemical reactor, the examined alloy steel was subjected to a heating process at the selected nitriding temperature of 590 °C. Two heating variants were used: the first variant relied on heating to the nitriding temperature with different rates—1 °C per minute, 2 °C per minute, 5 °C per minute and 10 °C per minute, respectively—whereas the second variant relied on the fast—25 °C per minute—heating of treated specimens to a temperature of 475 °C, at which, the nitrogenous potential of the atmosphere promotes faster nitrogen diffusion deep into the nitrided substrate, followed by reheating up to the nitriding temperature at different rates: 1 °C per minute, 2 °C per minute, 5 °C per minute, and 10 °C per minute, respectively. To evaluate the impact of heating rate kinetics and effectiveness during nitriding on the obtained surface layer quality, we investigated the phase composition, microhardness distribution, and thickness of the obtained diffusion layers. It was found that heating to a temperature of 475 °C in the nitriding process does not significantly affect the average mass gain of a sample. Above this temperature, within the range of nitriding temperatures, the extension of time increases the sample’s mass gain. Simultaneously, it was found that the use of a constant heating rate allows for thicker nitrided layers and a greater sample hardness to be obtained. Dual-stage heating, in turn, is more effective in the context of sample mass gain per time unit. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10608022 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106080222023-10-28 The Impact of Heating Rate on the Kinetics of the Nitriding Process for 52100 Steel Frączek, Tadeusz Prusak, Rafał Michalski, Jerzy Skuza, Zbigniew Ogórek, Marzena Materials (Basel) Article The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the heating rate of steel balls made of AISI 52100 alloy steel on the kinetics and efficiency of the gas nitriding process when carried out using a chemical reactor with precise thermo-gravimetric measurements, which allowed for changes in sample mass during heating and nitriding to be monitored with an accuracy of 50 µg. In the chemical reactor, the examined alloy steel was subjected to a heating process at the selected nitriding temperature of 590 °C. Two heating variants were used: the first variant relied on heating to the nitriding temperature with different rates—1 °C per minute, 2 °C per minute, 5 °C per minute and 10 °C per minute, respectively—whereas the second variant relied on the fast—25 °C per minute—heating of treated specimens to a temperature of 475 °C, at which, the nitrogenous potential of the atmosphere promotes faster nitrogen diffusion deep into the nitrided substrate, followed by reheating up to the nitriding temperature at different rates: 1 °C per minute, 2 °C per minute, 5 °C per minute, and 10 °C per minute, respectively. To evaluate the impact of heating rate kinetics and effectiveness during nitriding on the obtained surface layer quality, we investigated the phase composition, microhardness distribution, and thickness of the obtained diffusion layers. It was found that heating to a temperature of 475 °C in the nitriding process does not significantly affect the average mass gain of a sample. Above this temperature, within the range of nitriding temperatures, the extension of time increases the sample’s mass gain. Simultaneously, it was found that the use of a constant heating rate allows for thicker nitrided layers and a greater sample hardness to be obtained. Dual-stage heating, in turn, is more effective in the context of sample mass gain per time unit. MDPI 2023-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10608022/ /pubmed/37895690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16206708 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Frączek, Tadeusz Prusak, Rafał Michalski, Jerzy Skuza, Zbigniew Ogórek, Marzena The Impact of Heating Rate on the Kinetics of the Nitriding Process for 52100 Steel |
title | The Impact of Heating Rate on the Kinetics of the Nitriding Process for 52100 Steel |
title_full | The Impact of Heating Rate on the Kinetics of the Nitriding Process for 52100 Steel |
title_fullStr | The Impact of Heating Rate on the Kinetics of the Nitriding Process for 52100 Steel |
title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Heating Rate on the Kinetics of the Nitriding Process for 52100 Steel |
title_short | The Impact of Heating Rate on the Kinetics of the Nitriding Process for 52100 Steel |
title_sort | impact of heating rate on the kinetics of the nitriding process for 52100 steel |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10608022/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37895690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16206708 |
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