Cargando…

A Multi-Material Flame-Retarding System Based on Expandable Graphite for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced PA6

A synergistic multi-material flame retardant system based on expandable graphite (EG), aluminum diethylphosphinate (AlPi), melamine polyphosphate (MPP), and montmorillonite (MMT) has been studied in glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6). Analytical evaluations and fire performances were evaluated...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tomiak, Florian, Zitzmann, Melanie, Drummer, Dietmar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10610593/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37896344
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15204100
_version_ 1785128293347885056
author Tomiak, Florian
Zitzmann, Melanie
Drummer, Dietmar
author_facet Tomiak, Florian
Zitzmann, Melanie
Drummer, Dietmar
author_sort Tomiak, Florian
collection PubMed
description A synergistic multi-material flame retardant system based on expandable graphite (EG), aluminum diethylphosphinate (AlPi), melamine polyphosphate (MPP), and montmorillonite (MMT) has been studied in glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6). Analytical evaluations and fire performances were evaluated using coupled thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as well as cone calorimetry, UL-94 fire testing, and limiting oxygen index (LOI). A combination of EG/AlPi/MPP/MMT has been shown to provide superior flame-retarding properties when integrated at 20 wt.% into glass-fiber-reinforced PA6 (25 wt.%), achieving UL-94 V0 classification and an oxygen index of 32%. Strong residue formation resulted in low heat development overall, with a peak heat release rate (pHRR) of 103 kW/m(2), a maximum of average heat release rate (MAHRE) of 33 kW/m(2), and deficient total smoke production (TSP) of 3.8 m(2). Particularly remarkable was the structural stability of the char residue. The char residue could easily withstand an areal weight of 35 g/cm(2), showing no visible deformation.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10610593
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-106105932023-10-28 A Multi-Material Flame-Retarding System Based on Expandable Graphite for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced PA6 Tomiak, Florian Zitzmann, Melanie Drummer, Dietmar Polymers (Basel) Article A synergistic multi-material flame retardant system based on expandable graphite (EG), aluminum diethylphosphinate (AlPi), melamine polyphosphate (MPP), and montmorillonite (MMT) has been studied in glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6). Analytical evaluations and fire performances were evaluated using coupled thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as well as cone calorimetry, UL-94 fire testing, and limiting oxygen index (LOI). A combination of EG/AlPi/MPP/MMT has been shown to provide superior flame-retarding properties when integrated at 20 wt.% into glass-fiber-reinforced PA6 (25 wt.%), achieving UL-94 V0 classification and an oxygen index of 32%. Strong residue formation resulted in low heat development overall, with a peak heat release rate (pHRR) of 103 kW/m(2), a maximum of average heat release rate (MAHRE) of 33 kW/m(2), and deficient total smoke production (TSP) of 3.8 m(2). Particularly remarkable was the structural stability of the char residue. The char residue could easily withstand an areal weight of 35 g/cm(2), showing no visible deformation. MDPI 2023-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10610593/ /pubmed/37896344 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15204100 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Tomiak, Florian
Zitzmann, Melanie
Drummer, Dietmar
A Multi-Material Flame-Retarding System Based on Expandable Graphite for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced PA6
title A Multi-Material Flame-Retarding System Based on Expandable Graphite for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced PA6
title_full A Multi-Material Flame-Retarding System Based on Expandable Graphite for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced PA6
title_fullStr A Multi-Material Flame-Retarding System Based on Expandable Graphite for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced PA6
title_full_unstemmed A Multi-Material Flame-Retarding System Based on Expandable Graphite for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced PA6
title_short A Multi-Material Flame-Retarding System Based on Expandable Graphite for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced PA6
title_sort multi-material flame-retarding system based on expandable graphite for glass-fiber-reinforced pa6
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10610593/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37896344
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15204100
work_keys_str_mv AT tomiakflorian amultimaterialflameretardingsystembasedonexpandablegraphiteforglassfiberreinforcedpa6
AT zitzmannmelanie amultimaterialflameretardingsystembasedonexpandablegraphiteforglassfiberreinforcedpa6
AT drummerdietmar amultimaterialflameretardingsystembasedonexpandablegraphiteforglassfiberreinforcedpa6
AT tomiakflorian multimaterialflameretardingsystembasedonexpandablegraphiteforglassfiberreinforcedpa6
AT zitzmannmelanie multimaterialflameretardingsystembasedonexpandablegraphiteforglassfiberreinforcedpa6
AT drummerdietmar multimaterialflameretardingsystembasedonexpandablegraphiteforglassfiberreinforcedpa6