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Flexural Response of Concrete Specimen Retrofitted with PU Grout Material: Experimental and Numerical Modeling
Polyurethane (PU) composite is increasingly used as a repair material for civil engineering infrastructure, including runway, road pavement, and buildings. Evaluation of polyurethane grouting (PUG) material is critical to achieve a desirable maintenance effect. This study aims to evaluate the flexur...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10611020/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37896357 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15204114 |
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author | Haruna, Sadi Ibrahim Ibrahim, Yasser E. Han, Zhu Farouk, Abdulwarith Ibrahim Bibi |
author_facet | Haruna, Sadi Ibrahim Ibrahim, Yasser E. Han, Zhu Farouk, Abdulwarith Ibrahim Bibi |
author_sort | Haruna, Sadi Ibrahim |
collection | PubMed |
description | Polyurethane (PU) composite is increasingly used as a repair material for civil engineering infrastructure, including runway, road pavement, and buildings. Evaluation of polyurethane grouting (PUG) material is critical to achieve a desirable maintenance effect. This study aims to evaluate the flexural behavior of normal concrete repaired with polyurethane grout (NC-PUG) under a three-point bending test. A finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate the flexural response of the NC-PUG specimens. The equivalent principle response of the NC-PUG was analyzed through a three-dimensional finite element model (3D FEM). The NC and PUG properties were simulated using stress–strain relations acquired from compressive and tensile tests. The overlaid PUG material was prepared by mixing PU and quartz sand and overlayed on the either top or bottom surface of the concrete beam. Two different overlaid thicknesses were adopted, including 5 mm and 10 mm. The composite NC-PUG specimens were formed by casting a PUG material using different overlaid thicknesses and configurations. The reference specimen showed the highest average ultimate flexural stress of 5.56 MPa ± 2.57% at a 95% confidence interval with a corresponding midspan deflection of 0.49 mm ± 13.60%. However, due to the strengthened effect of the PUG layer, the deflection of the composite specimen was significantly improved. The concrete specimens retrofitted at the top surface demonstrated a typical linear pattern from the initial loading stage until the complete failure of the specimen. Moreover, the concrete specimens retrofitted at the bottom surface exhibit two deformation regions before the complete failure. The FE analysis showed good agreement between the numerical model and the experimental test result. The numerical model accurately predicted the flexural strength of the NC-PUG beam, slightly underestimating Ke by 4% and overestimating the ultimate flexural stress by 3%. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10611020 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106110202023-10-28 Flexural Response of Concrete Specimen Retrofitted with PU Grout Material: Experimental and Numerical Modeling Haruna, Sadi Ibrahim Ibrahim, Yasser E. Han, Zhu Farouk, Abdulwarith Ibrahim Bibi Polymers (Basel) Article Polyurethane (PU) composite is increasingly used as a repair material for civil engineering infrastructure, including runway, road pavement, and buildings. Evaluation of polyurethane grouting (PUG) material is critical to achieve a desirable maintenance effect. This study aims to evaluate the flexural behavior of normal concrete repaired with polyurethane grout (NC-PUG) under a three-point bending test. A finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate the flexural response of the NC-PUG specimens. The equivalent principle response of the NC-PUG was analyzed through a three-dimensional finite element model (3D FEM). The NC and PUG properties were simulated using stress–strain relations acquired from compressive and tensile tests. The overlaid PUG material was prepared by mixing PU and quartz sand and overlayed on the either top or bottom surface of the concrete beam. Two different overlaid thicknesses were adopted, including 5 mm and 10 mm. The composite NC-PUG specimens were formed by casting a PUG material using different overlaid thicknesses and configurations. The reference specimen showed the highest average ultimate flexural stress of 5.56 MPa ± 2.57% at a 95% confidence interval with a corresponding midspan deflection of 0.49 mm ± 13.60%. However, due to the strengthened effect of the PUG layer, the deflection of the composite specimen was significantly improved. The concrete specimens retrofitted at the top surface demonstrated a typical linear pattern from the initial loading stage until the complete failure of the specimen. Moreover, the concrete specimens retrofitted at the bottom surface exhibit two deformation regions before the complete failure. The FE analysis showed good agreement between the numerical model and the experimental test result. The numerical model accurately predicted the flexural strength of the NC-PUG beam, slightly underestimating Ke by 4% and overestimating the ultimate flexural stress by 3%. MDPI 2023-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10611020/ /pubmed/37896357 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15204114 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Haruna, Sadi Ibrahim Ibrahim, Yasser E. Han, Zhu Farouk, Abdulwarith Ibrahim Bibi Flexural Response of Concrete Specimen Retrofitted with PU Grout Material: Experimental and Numerical Modeling |
title | Flexural Response of Concrete Specimen Retrofitted with PU Grout Material: Experimental and Numerical Modeling |
title_full | Flexural Response of Concrete Specimen Retrofitted with PU Grout Material: Experimental and Numerical Modeling |
title_fullStr | Flexural Response of Concrete Specimen Retrofitted with PU Grout Material: Experimental and Numerical Modeling |
title_full_unstemmed | Flexural Response of Concrete Specimen Retrofitted with PU Grout Material: Experimental and Numerical Modeling |
title_short | Flexural Response of Concrete Specimen Retrofitted with PU Grout Material: Experimental and Numerical Modeling |
title_sort | flexural response of concrete specimen retrofitted with pu grout material: experimental and numerical modeling |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10611020/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37896357 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15204114 |
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