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Phytotoxicity and Phytotoxic Substances in Calamus tenuis Roxb.

Calamus tenuis is a shrub species distributed across South Asia. It grows well in diversified habitats and tends to dominate plants in the surrounding environment. The phytotoxicity of C. tenuis and the action of its phytochemicals against other plant species could explain its dominant behavior. Com...

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Autores principales: Rob, Md. Mahfuzur, Hossen, Kawsar, Ozaki, Kaori, Teruya, Toshiaki, Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10611027/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37888626
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15100595
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author Rob, Md. Mahfuzur
Hossen, Kawsar
Ozaki, Kaori
Teruya, Toshiaki
Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
author_facet Rob, Md. Mahfuzur
Hossen, Kawsar
Ozaki, Kaori
Teruya, Toshiaki
Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
author_sort Rob, Md. Mahfuzur
collection PubMed
description Calamus tenuis is a shrub species distributed across South Asia. It grows well in diversified habitats and tends to dominate plants in the surrounding environment. The phytotoxicity of C. tenuis and the action of its phytochemicals against other plant species could explain its dominant behavior. Compounds with phytotoxic activity are in high demand as prospective sources of ecofriendly bioherbicides. Therefore, we investigated the phytotoxicity of C. tenuis. Aqueous methanol extracts of this plant species significantly limited the growth of four test plant species, two monocots (barnyard grass and timothy), and two dicots (alfalfa and cress), in a dose- and species-dependent manner. Bio-directed chromatographic isolation of the C. tenuis extracts yielded two major active substances: a novel compound, calamulactone {(S)-methyl 8-(5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl) octanoate}, and 3-oxo-α-ionone. Both of the identified compounds exerted strong growth inhibitory effects on cress and timothy seedlings. The concentrations of 3-oxo-α-ionone and calamulactone required to limit the growth of the cress seedlings by 50% (I(50)) were 281.6–199.5 and 141.1–105.5 µM, respectively, indicating that the effect of calamulactone was stronger with lower I(50) values. Similarly, the seedlings of timothy also showed a considerably higher sensitivity to calamulactone (I(50): 40.5–84.4 µM) than to 3-oxo-α-ionone (I(50): 107.8–144.7 µM). The findings indicated that the leaves of C. tenuis have marked growth-inhibitory potential, and could affect surrounding plants to exert dominance over the surrounding plant community. Moreover, the two identified phytotoxic substances might play a key role in the phytotoxicity of C. tenuis, and could be a template for bioherbicide development. This paper was the first to report calamulactone and its phytotoxicity.
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spelling pubmed-106110272023-10-28 Phytotoxicity and Phytotoxic Substances in Calamus tenuis Roxb. Rob, Md. Mahfuzur Hossen, Kawsar Ozaki, Kaori Teruya, Toshiaki Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi Toxins (Basel) Article Calamus tenuis is a shrub species distributed across South Asia. It grows well in diversified habitats and tends to dominate plants in the surrounding environment. The phytotoxicity of C. tenuis and the action of its phytochemicals against other plant species could explain its dominant behavior. Compounds with phytotoxic activity are in high demand as prospective sources of ecofriendly bioherbicides. Therefore, we investigated the phytotoxicity of C. tenuis. Aqueous methanol extracts of this plant species significantly limited the growth of four test plant species, two monocots (barnyard grass and timothy), and two dicots (alfalfa and cress), in a dose- and species-dependent manner. Bio-directed chromatographic isolation of the C. tenuis extracts yielded two major active substances: a novel compound, calamulactone {(S)-methyl 8-(5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl) octanoate}, and 3-oxo-α-ionone. Both of the identified compounds exerted strong growth inhibitory effects on cress and timothy seedlings. The concentrations of 3-oxo-α-ionone and calamulactone required to limit the growth of the cress seedlings by 50% (I(50)) were 281.6–199.5 and 141.1–105.5 µM, respectively, indicating that the effect of calamulactone was stronger with lower I(50) values. Similarly, the seedlings of timothy also showed a considerably higher sensitivity to calamulactone (I(50): 40.5–84.4 µM) than to 3-oxo-α-ionone (I(50): 107.8–144.7 µM). The findings indicated that the leaves of C. tenuis have marked growth-inhibitory potential, and could affect surrounding plants to exert dominance over the surrounding plant community. Moreover, the two identified phytotoxic substances might play a key role in the phytotoxicity of C. tenuis, and could be a template for bioherbicide development. This paper was the first to report calamulactone and its phytotoxicity. MDPI 2023-10-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10611027/ /pubmed/37888626 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15100595 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rob, Md. Mahfuzur
Hossen, Kawsar
Ozaki, Kaori
Teruya, Toshiaki
Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
Phytotoxicity and Phytotoxic Substances in Calamus tenuis Roxb.
title Phytotoxicity and Phytotoxic Substances in Calamus tenuis Roxb.
title_full Phytotoxicity and Phytotoxic Substances in Calamus tenuis Roxb.
title_fullStr Phytotoxicity and Phytotoxic Substances in Calamus tenuis Roxb.
title_full_unstemmed Phytotoxicity and Phytotoxic Substances in Calamus tenuis Roxb.
title_short Phytotoxicity and Phytotoxic Substances in Calamus tenuis Roxb.
title_sort phytotoxicity and phytotoxic substances in calamus tenuis roxb.
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10611027/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37888626
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15100595
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