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Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Pagrus major by the Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi

Karenia mikimotoi is a common species of red tide dinoflagellate that causes the mass mortality of marine fauna in coastal waters of Republic of Korea. Despite continuous studies on the ecophysiology and toxicity of K. mikimotoi, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Red sea...

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Autores principales: Shin, Yun Kyung, Seo, Do Yeon, Eom, Hye-Jin, Park, Mira, Lee, Minji, Choi, Young-Eun, Han, Young-Seok, Rhee, Jae-Sung, Kim, Youn-Jung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10611101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37888651
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15100620
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author Shin, Yun Kyung
Seo, Do Yeon
Eom, Hye-Jin
Park, Mira
Lee, Minji
Choi, Young-Eun
Han, Young-Seok
Rhee, Jae-Sung
Kim, Youn-Jung
author_facet Shin, Yun Kyung
Seo, Do Yeon
Eom, Hye-Jin
Park, Mira
Lee, Minji
Choi, Young-Eun
Han, Young-Seok
Rhee, Jae-Sung
Kim, Youn-Jung
author_sort Shin, Yun Kyung
collection PubMed
description Karenia mikimotoi is a common species of red tide dinoflagellate that causes the mass mortality of marine fauna in coastal waters of Republic of Korea. Despite continuous studies on the ecophysiology and toxicity of K. mikimotoi, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Red sea bream, Pagrus major, is a high-value aquaculture fish species, and the coastal aquaculture industry of red sea bream has been increasingly affected by red tides. To investigate the potential oxidative effects of K. mikimotoi on P. major and the molecular mechanisms involved, we exposed the fish to varying concentrations of K. mikimotoi and evaluated its toxicity. Our results showed that exposure to K. mikimotoi led to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative DNA damage in the gill tissue of P. major. Furthermore, we found that K. mikimotoi induced the activation of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, in the gill tissue of P. major, with a significant increase in activity at concentrations above 5000 cells/mL. However, the activity of glutathione S-transferase did not significantly increase at the equivalent concentration. Our study confirms that oxidative stress and DNA damage is induced by acute exposure to K. mikimotoi, as it produces ROS and hypoxic conditions in P. major. In addition, it was confirmed that gill and blood samples can be used as biomarkers to detect the degree of oxidative stress in fish. These findings have important implications for the aquaculture of red sea bream, particularly in the face of red tide disasters.
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spelling pubmed-106111012023-10-28 Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Pagrus major by the Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi Shin, Yun Kyung Seo, Do Yeon Eom, Hye-Jin Park, Mira Lee, Minji Choi, Young-Eun Han, Young-Seok Rhee, Jae-Sung Kim, Youn-Jung Toxins (Basel) Article Karenia mikimotoi is a common species of red tide dinoflagellate that causes the mass mortality of marine fauna in coastal waters of Republic of Korea. Despite continuous studies on the ecophysiology and toxicity of K. mikimotoi, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Red sea bream, Pagrus major, is a high-value aquaculture fish species, and the coastal aquaculture industry of red sea bream has been increasingly affected by red tides. To investigate the potential oxidative effects of K. mikimotoi on P. major and the molecular mechanisms involved, we exposed the fish to varying concentrations of K. mikimotoi and evaluated its toxicity. Our results showed that exposure to K. mikimotoi led to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative DNA damage in the gill tissue of P. major. Furthermore, we found that K. mikimotoi induced the activation of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, in the gill tissue of P. major, with a significant increase in activity at concentrations above 5000 cells/mL. However, the activity of glutathione S-transferase did not significantly increase at the equivalent concentration. Our study confirms that oxidative stress and DNA damage is induced by acute exposure to K. mikimotoi, as it produces ROS and hypoxic conditions in P. major. In addition, it was confirmed that gill and blood samples can be used as biomarkers to detect the degree of oxidative stress in fish. These findings have important implications for the aquaculture of red sea bream, particularly in the face of red tide disasters. MDPI 2023-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10611101/ /pubmed/37888651 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15100620 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shin, Yun Kyung
Seo, Do Yeon
Eom, Hye-Jin
Park, Mira
Lee, Minji
Choi, Young-Eun
Han, Young-Seok
Rhee, Jae-Sung
Kim, Youn-Jung
Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Pagrus major by the Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi
title Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Pagrus major by the Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi
title_full Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Pagrus major by the Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi
title_fullStr Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Pagrus major by the Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi
title_full_unstemmed Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Pagrus major by the Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi
title_short Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Pagrus major by the Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi
title_sort oxidative stress and dna damage in pagrus major by the dinoflagellate karenia mikimotoi
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10611101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37888651
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15100620
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