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Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

COVID-19, a contagious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in 2019 and quickly became a pandemic, infecting more than 700 million people worldwide. The disease incidence, morbidity and mortality rates have started to decline since the development of effective vaccines against...

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Autores principales: Armeni, Anastasia K., Markantes, Georgios Κ., Stathopoulou, Alexandra, Saltiki, Katerina, Zampakis, Petros, Assimakopoulos, Stelios F., Michalaki, Marina A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10611184/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37896977
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11101574
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author Armeni, Anastasia K.
Markantes, Georgios Κ.
Stathopoulou, Alexandra
Saltiki, Katerina
Zampakis, Petros
Assimakopoulos, Stelios F.
Michalaki, Marina A.
author_facet Armeni, Anastasia K.
Markantes, Georgios Κ.
Stathopoulou, Alexandra
Saltiki, Katerina
Zampakis, Petros
Assimakopoulos, Stelios F.
Michalaki, Marina A.
author_sort Armeni, Anastasia K.
collection PubMed
description COVID-19, a contagious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in 2019 and quickly became a pandemic, infecting more than 700 million people worldwide. The disease incidence, morbidity and mortality rates have started to decline since the development of effective vaccines against the virus and the widespread immunization of the population. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are associated with minor local or systemic adverse reactions, while serious adverse effects are rare. Thyroid-related disorders have been reported after vaccination for COVID-19, and Graves’ disease (GD) is the second most common amongst them. Thyroid eye disease (TED), an extrathyroidal manifestation of GD, is rarely observed post-COVID-19 vaccination. All TED cases followed mRNA-based vaccinations, but two new onset mild TED cases post-viral vector vaccine (ChAdox1nCoV-19) have also been reported. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman who presented with new onset hyperthyroidism and moderate-to-severe and active TED 10 days after she received the first dose of a viral vector vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. This is the first case of moderate-to-severe TED after such a vaccine. Our patient was initially treated with intravenous glucocorticoids, and subsequently with intravenous rituximab, due to no response. The disease was rendered inactive after rituximab, but constant diplopia persisted, and the patient was referred for rehabilitative surgery.
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spelling pubmed-106111842023-10-28 Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature Armeni, Anastasia K. Markantes, Georgios Κ. Stathopoulou, Alexandra Saltiki, Katerina Zampakis, Petros Assimakopoulos, Stelios F. Michalaki, Marina A. Vaccines (Basel) Case Report COVID-19, a contagious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in 2019 and quickly became a pandemic, infecting more than 700 million people worldwide. The disease incidence, morbidity and mortality rates have started to decline since the development of effective vaccines against the virus and the widespread immunization of the population. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are associated with minor local or systemic adverse reactions, while serious adverse effects are rare. Thyroid-related disorders have been reported after vaccination for COVID-19, and Graves’ disease (GD) is the second most common amongst them. Thyroid eye disease (TED), an extrathyroidal manifestation of GD, is rarely observed post-COVID-19 vaccination. All TED cases followed mRNA-based vaccinations, but two new onset mild TED cases post-viral vector vaccine (ChAdox1nCoV-19) have also been reported. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman who presented with new onset hyperthyroidism and moderate-to-severe and active TED 10 days after she received the first dose of a viral vector vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. This is the first case of moderate-to-severe TED after such a vaccine. Our patient was initially treated with intravenous glucocorticoids, and subsequently with intravenous rituximab, due to no response. The disease was rendered inactive after rituximab, but constant diplopia persisted, and the patient was referred for rehabilitative surgery. MDPI 2023-10-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10611184/ /pubmed/37896977 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11101574 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Armeni, Anastasia K.
Markantes, Georgios Κ.
Stathopoulou, Alexandra
Saltiki, Katerina
Zampakis, Petros
Assimakopoulos, Stelios F.
Michalaki, Marina A.
Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
title Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
title_full Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
title_short Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
title_sort thyroid eye disease as initial manifestation of graves’ disease following viral vector sars-cov-2 vaccine: report of a case and review of the literature
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10611184/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37896977
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11101574
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