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Seasonal dynamics of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, with notes on Rickettsia amblyommatis infection
BACKGROUND: The tick Amblyomma cajennense sensu stricto (A. cajennense s.s.) frequently parasitizes animals and humans in the Amazon biome, in addition to being a vector of Rickettsia amblyommatis. In the present study, we evaluated both the population dynamics of A. cajennense s.s. in a degraded ar...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10612284/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37891604 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05978-9 |
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author | de Araújo, Flávio Eduardo Saraiva Martins, Thiago Fernandes Ramos, Carlos Celso Mendonça Nogueira, Rafael Michael Silva Faccini, João Luiz Horacio Tavares, Mariana Avelar de Lima, Nicolas Jalowitzki de Almeida Júnior, Eduardo Bezerra de Sousa-Paula, Lucas Christian Dantas-Torres, Filipe da Silva Krawczak, Felipe Costa-Junior, Livio Martins Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Dall′Agnol, Leonardo Teixeira Luz, Hermes Ribeiro |
author_facet | de Araújo, Flávio Eduardo Saraiva Martins, Thiago Fernandes Ramos, Carlos Celso Mendonça Nogueira, Rafael Michael Silva Faccini, João Luiz Horacio Tavares, Mariana Avelar de Lima, Nicolas Jalowitzki de Almeida Júnior, Eduardo Bezerra de Sousa-Paula, Lucas Christian Dantas-Torres, Filipe da Silva Krawczak, Felipe Costa-Junior, Livio Martins Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Dall′Agnol, Leonardo Teixeira Luz, Hermes Ribeiro |
author_sort | de Araújo, Flávio Eduardo Saraiva |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The tick Amblyomma cajennense sensu stricto (A. cajennense s.s.) frequently parasitizes animals and humans in the Amazon biome, in addition to being a vector of Rickettsia amblyommatis. In the present study, we evaluated both the population dynamics of A. cajennense s.s. in a degraded area of the Amazon biome and the presence of rickettsial organisms in this tick population. METHODS: The study was carried out in a rural area of the Santa Inês municipality (altitude: 24 m a.s.l.), Maranhão state, Brazil. Ticks were collected from the environment for 24 consecutive months, from June 2021 to May 2023. The region is characterized by two warm seasons: a rainy season (November–May) and a dry season (June–October). We characterized the temporal activity of A. cajennense s.s. on the vegetation by examining questing activity for each life stage (larvae, nymphs, adults [males and females]) in relation to the dry and rainy season. Ticks collected in this study were randomly selected and individually tested by a TaqMan real-time PCR assay that targeted a 147-bp fragment of the rickettsial gltA gene. RESULTS: Overall, 1843 (62.4%) adults (52.6% females, 47.4% males), 1110 (37.6%) nymphs and 398 larval clusters were collected. All adult females and nymphs were morphologically identified as A. cajennense s.s. Larval activity was observed from April to December, with a peak from June to September (dry season); nymph abundance peaked from September to November (transition period between dry and rainy seasons); and adult ticks were abundant from October to May (spring/summer/early autumn). The infection rate by R. amblyommatis in A. cajennense s.s. ticks was at least 7% (7/99). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a 1-year generation pattern for A. cajennense s.s., with a well-defined seasonality of larvae, nymphs and adults in the Amazon biome. Larvae predominate during the dry season, nymphs are most abundant in the dry-rainy season transition and adults are most abundant in the rainy season. The presence of R. amblyommatis in adult ticks suggests that animals and humans in the study region are at risk of infection by this species belonging to the spotted fever group of Rickettsia. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10612284 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106122842023-10-29 Seasonal dynamics of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, with notes on Rickettsia amblyommatis infection de Araújo, Flávio Eduardo Saraiva Martins, Thiago Fernandes Ramos, Carlos Celso Mendonça Nogueira, Rafael Michael Silva Faccini, João Luiz Horacio Tavares, Mariana Avelar de Lima, Nicolas Jalowitzki de Almeida Júnior, Eduardo Bezerra de Sousa-Paula, Lucas Christian Dantas-Torres, Filipe da Silva Krawczak, Felipe Costa-Junior, Livio Martins Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Dall′Agnol, Leonardo Teixeira Luz, Hermes Ribeiro Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: The tick Amblyomma cajennense sensu stricto (A. cajennense s.s.) frequently parasitizes animals and humans in the Amazon biome, in addition to being a vector of Rickettsia amblyommatis. In the present study, we evaluated both the population dynamics of A. cajennense s.s. in a degraded area of the Amazon biome and the presence of rickettsial organisms in this tick population. METHODS: The study was carried out in a rural area of the Santa Inês municipality (altitude: 24 m a.s.l.), Maranhão state, Brazil. Ticks were collected from the environment for 24 consecutive months, from June 2021 to May 2023. The region is characterized by two warm seasons: a rainy season (November–May) and a dry season (June–October). We characterized the temporal activity of A. cajennense s.s. on the vegetation by examining questing activity for each life stage (larvae, nymphs, adults [males and females]) in relation to the dry and rainy season. Ticks collected in this study were randomly selected and individually tested by a TaqMan real-time PCR assay that targeted a 147-bp fragment of the rickettsial gltA gene. RESULTS: Overall, 1843 (62.4%) adults (52.6% females, 47.4% males), 1110 (37.6%) nymphs and 398 larval clusters were collected. All adult females and nymphs were morphologically identified as A. cajennense s.s. Larval activity was observed from April to December, with a peak from June to September (dry season); nymph abundance peaked from September to November (transition period between dry and rainy seasons); and adult ticks were abundant from October to May (spring/summer/early autumn). The infection rate by R. amblyommatis in A. cajennense s.s. ticks was at least 7% (7/99). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a 1-year generation pattern for A. cajennense s.s., with a well-defined seasonality of larvae, nymphs and adults in the Amazon biome. Larvae predominate during the dry season, nymphs are most abundant in the dry-rainy season transition and adults are most abundant in the rainy season. The presence of R. amblyommatis in adult ticks suggests that animals and humans in the study region are at risk of infection by this species belonging to the spotted fever group of Rickettsia. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] BioMed Central 2023-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10612284/ /pubmed/37891604 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05978-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research de Araújo, Flávio Eduardo Saraiva Martins, Thiago Fernandes Ramos, Carlos Celso Mendonça Nogueira, Rafael Michael Silva Faccini, João Luiz Horacio Tavares, Mariana Avelar de Lima, Nicolas Jalowitzki de Almeida Júnior, Eduardo Bezerra de Sousa-Paula, Lucas Christian Dantas-Torres, Filipe da Silva Krawczak, Felipe Costa-Junior, Livio Martins Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Dall′Agnol, Leonardo Teixeira Luz, Hermes Ribeiro Seasonal dynamics of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, with notes on Rickettsia amblyommatis infection |
title | Seasonal dynamics of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, with notes on Rickettsia amblyommatis infection |
title_full | Seasonal dynamics of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, with notes on Rickettsia amblyommatis infection |
title_fullStr | Seasonal dynamics of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, with notes on Rickettsia amblyommatis infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal dynamics of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, with notes on Rickettsia amblyommatis infection |
title_short | Seasonal dynamics of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, with notes on Rickettsia amblyommatis infection |
title_sort | seasonal dynamics of amblyomma cajennense (fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the amazon biome, with notes on rickettsia amblyommatis infection |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10612284/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37891604 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05978-9 |
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