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Analysis of Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Objectives Cholelithiasis poses a considerable medical burden worldwide. While its pathogenesis is multifactorial, identifying the key risk factors is essential for understanding the disease and improving patient care. This study aims to investigate the potential associations between demographic, cl...

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Autores principales: Baddam, Anusha, Akuma, Ogbonnaya, Raj, Rohan, Akuma, Chinaza M, Augustine, Sana W, Sheikh Hanafi, Ihab, Singh, Gauravdeep, Zain, Ahmer, Azizz, Nasihudeen, Singh, Manjeet, Makheja, Kainat, Rahul, FNU, Khan, Aadil
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10613112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37900464
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.46155
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author Baddam, Anusha
Akuma, Ogbonnaya
Raj, Rohan
Akuma, Chinaza M
Augustine, Sana W
Sheikh Hanafi, Ihab
Singh, Gauravdeep
Zain, Ahmer
Azizz, Nasihudeen
Singh, Manjeet
Makheja, Kainat
Rahul, FNU
Khan, Aadil
author_facet Baddam, Anusha
Akuma, Ogbonnaya
Raj, Rohan
Akuma, Chinaza M
Augustine, Sana W
Sheikh Hanafi, Ihab
Singh, Gauravdeep
Zain, Ahmer
Azizz, Nasihudeen
Singh, Manjeet
Makheja, Kainat
Rahul, FNU
Khan, Aadil
author_sort Baddam, Anusha
collection PubMed
description Objectives Cholelithiasis poses a considerable medical burden worldwide. While its pathogenesis is multifactorial, identifying the key risk factors is essential for understanding the disease and improving patient care. This study aims to investigate the potential associations between demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables and the development of cholelithiasis. Methods This single-center retrospective study was conducted at Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India, over one month. A total of 200 patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis were included. Data were extracted from electronic health records and the patients using a questionnaire, including demographic information (age, gender), clinical data including body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the associations between risk factors and cholelithiasis. Results The frequency of cholelithiasis is found to be higher in the female gender and patients with obesity, sedentary lifestyle and hypertension as compared to male patients, and the risk of cholelithiasis also increases with age. Females demonstrated a higher prevalence of cholelithiasis, with an odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) of 1.4, 95% CI [1.1, 1.7], p < 0.05). Obese individuals (BMI ≥ 30) had 2.2 times higher odds of cholelithiasis compared to those with normal BMI (< 24.9) (OR = 2.2, 95% CI [1.7, 2.9], p < 0.001). The presence of diabetes significantly increased the odds of cholelithiasis by 1.6 times (OR = 1.6, 95% CI [1.2, 2.1], p < 0.01). Overweight individuals (BMI: 25-29.9) were associated with 1.4 times higher odds of cholelithiasis (OR = 1.4, 95% CI [1.1, 1.9], p < 0.05). Conclusion Our study identified age, gender, BMI, diabetes, and obesity as significant risk factors for cholelithiasis. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions and lifestyle modifications to mitigate cholelithiasis risk and improve patient outcomes. Further research, including prospective multicentric studies, must validate these findings and explore potential underlying mechanisms.
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spelling pubmed-106131122023-10-29 Analysis of Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study Baddam, Anusha Akuma, Ogbonnaya Raj, Rohan Akuma, Chinaza M Augustine, Sana W Sheikh Hanafi, Ihab Singh, Gauravdeep Zain, Ahmer Azizz, Nasihudeen Singh, Manjeet Makheja, Kainat Rahul, FNU Khan, Aadil Cureus Gastroenterology Objectives Cholelithiasis poses a considerable medical burden worldwide. While its pathogenesis is multifactorial, identifying the key risk factors is essential for understanding the disease and improving patient care. This study aims to investigate the potential associations between demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables and the development of cholelithiasis. Methods This single-center retrospective study was conducted at Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India, over one month. A total of 200 patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis were included. Data were extracted from electronic health records and the patients using a questionnaire, including demographic information (age, gender), clinical data including body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the associations between risk factors and cholelithiasis. Results The frequency of cholelithiasis is found to be higher in the female gender and patients with obesity, sedentary lifestyle and hypertension as compared to male patients, and the risk of cholelithiasis also increases with age. Females demonstrated a higher prevalence of cholelithiasis, with an odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) of 1.4, 95% CI [1.1, 1.7], p < 0.05). Obese individuals (BMI ≥ 30) had 2.2 times higher odds of cholelithiasis compared to those with normal BMI (< 24.9) (OR = 2.2, 95% CI [1.7, 2.9], p < 0.001). The presence of diabetes significantly increased the odds of cholelithiasis by 1.6 times (OR = 1.6, 95% CI [1.2, 2.1], p < 0.01). Overweight individuals (BMI: 25-29.9) were associated with 1.4 times higher odds of cholelithiasis (OR = 1.4, 95% CI [1.1, 1.9], p < 0.05). Conclusion Our study identified age, gender, BMI, diabetes, and obesity as significant risk factors for cholelithiasis. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions and lifestyle modifications to mitigate cholelithiasis risk and improve patient outcomes. Further research, including prospective multicentric studies, must validate these findings and explore potential underlying mechanisms. Cureus 2023-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10613112/ /pubmed/37900464 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.46155 Text en Copyright © 2023, Baddam et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Gastroenterology
Baddam, Anusha
Akuma, Ogbonnaya
Raj, Rohan
Akuma, Chinaza M
Augustine, Sana W
Sheikh Hanafi, Ihab
Singh, Gauravdeep
Zain, Ahmer
Azizz, Nasihudeen
Singh, Manjeet
Makheja, Kainat
Rahul, FNU
Khan, Aadil
Analysis of Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
title Analysis of Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
title_full Analysis of Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
title_fullStr Analysis of Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
title_short Analysis of Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
title_sort analysis of risk factors for cholelithiasis: a single-center retrospective study
topic Gastroenterology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10613112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37900464
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.46155
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