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Opportunities and Challenges for ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Biomedicine and Health

ChatGPT has drawn considerable attention from both the general public and domain experts with its remarkable text generation capabilities. This has subsequently led to the emergence of diverse applications in the field of biomedicine and health. In this work, we examine the diverse applications of l...

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Autores principales: Tian, Shubo, Jin, Qiao, Yeganova, Lana, Lai, Po-Ting, Zhu, Qingqing, Chen, Xiuying, Yang, Yifan, Chen, Qingyu, Kim, Won, Comeau, Donald C., Islamaj, Rezarta, Kapoor, Aadit, Gao, Xin, Lu, Zhiyong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cornell University 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10614979/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37904734
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author Tian, Shubo
Jin, Qiao
Yeganova, Lana
Lai, Po-Ting
Zhu, Qingqing
Chen, Xiuying
Yang, Yifan
Chen, Qingyu
Kim, Won
Comeau, Donald C.
Islamaj, Rezarta
Kapoor, Aadit
Gao, Xin
Lu, Zhiyong
author_facet Tian, Shubo
Jin, Qiao
Yeganova, Lana
Lai, Po-Ting
Zhu, Qingqing
Chen, Xiuying
Yang, Yifan
Chen, Qingyu
Kim, Won
Comeau, Donald C.
Islamaj, Rezarta
Kapoor, Aadit
Gao, Xin
Lu, Zhiyong
author_sort Tian, Shubo
collection PubMed
description ChatGPT has drawn considerable attention from both the general public and domain experts with its remarkable text generation capabilities. This has subsequently led to the emergence of diverse applications in the field of biomedicine and health. In this work, we examine the diverse applications of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, in biomedicine and health. Specifically we explore the areas of biomedical information retrieval, question answering, medical text summarization, information extraction, and medical education, and investigate whether LLMs possess the transformative power to revolutionize these tasks or whether the distinct complexities of biomedical domain presents unique challenges. Following an extensive literature survey, we find that significant advances have been made in the field of text generation tasks, surpassing the previous state-of-the-art methods. For other applications, the advances have been modest. Overall, LLMs have not yet revolutionized biomedicine, but recent rapid progress indicates that such methods hold great potential to provide valuable means for accelerating discovery and improving health. We also find that the use of LLMs, like ChatGPT, in the fields of biomedicine and health entails various risks and challenges, including fabricated information in its generated responses, as well as legal and privacy concerns associated with sensitive patient data. We believe this survey can provide a comprehensive and timely overview to biomedical researchers and healthcare practitioners on the opportunities and challenges associated with using ChatGPT and other LLMs for transforming biomedicine and health.
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spelling pubmed-106149792023-10-31 Opportunities and Challenges for ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Biomedicine and Health Tian, Shubo Jin, Qiao Yeganova, Lana Lai, Po-Ting Zhu, Qingqing Chen, Xiuying Yang, Yifan Chen, Qingyu Kim, Won Comeau, Donald C. Islamaj, Rezarta Kapoor, Aadit Gao, Xin Lu, Zhiyong ArXiv Article ChatGPT has drawn considerable attention from both the general public and domain experts with its remarkable text generation capabilities. This has subsequently led to the emergence of diverse applications in the field of biomedicine and health. In this work, we examine the diverse applications of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, in biomedicine and health. Specifically we explore the areas of biomedical information retrieval, question answering, medical text summarization, information extraction, and medical education, and investigate whether LLMs possess the transformative power to revolutionize these tasks or whether the distinct complexities of biomedical domain presents unique challenges. Following an extensive literature survey, we find that significant advances have been made in the field of text generation tasks, surpassing the previous state-of-the-art methods. For other applications, the advances have been modest. Overall, LLMs have not yet revolutionized biomedicine, but recent rapid progress indicates that such methods hold great potential to provide valuable means for accelerating discovery and improving health. We also find that the use of LLMs, like ChatGPT, in the fields of biomedicine and health entails various risks and challenges, including fabricated information in its generated responses, as well as legal and privacy concerns associated with sensitive patient data. We believe this survey can provide a comprehensive and timely overview to biomedical researchers and healthcare practitioners on the opportunities and challenges associated with using ChatGPT and other LLMs for transforming biomedicine and health. Cornell University 2023-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10614979/ /pubmed/37904734 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.
spellingShingle Article
Tian, Shubo
Jin, Qiao
Yeganova, Lana
Lai, Po-Ting
Zhu, Qingqing
Chen, Xiuying
Yang, Yifan
Chen, Qingyu
Kim, Won
Comeau, Donald C.
Islamaj, Rezarta
Kapoor, Aadit
Gao, Xin
Lu, Zhiyong
Opportunities and Challenges for ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Biomedicine and Health
title Opportunities and Challenges for ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Biomedicine and Health
title_full Opportunities and Challenges for ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Biomedicine and Health
title_fullStr Opportunities and Challenges for ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Biomedicine and Health
title_full_unstemmed Opportunities and Challenges for ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Biomedicine and Health
title_short Opportunities and Challenges for ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Biomedicine and Health
title_sort opportunities and challenges for chatgpt and large language models in biomedicine and health
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10614979/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37904734
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