Prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of congenital hymen prolapse: A case report

RATIONALE: Female genital tract abnormalities are relatively uncommon and usually discovered accidentally. And hymen prolapse is even rarer, which is asymptomatic and is commonly found during the examination of the baby external genitals. PATIENT CONCERNS: Here, we report a case of fetal genital abnormality detected at 32 weeks of gestation. DIAGNOSES: At 32(+1) weeks of pregnancy, ultrasound showed taht an iso-echoic mass of about 8 mm × 5 mm was protruding from the genitalia, and at 36 weeks, ultrasound showed that an iso-echoic mass of about 9 mm × 5 mm could be seen protruding from the genitalia, and its morphology was similar to the result of the 32-week data. At 39 weeks a baby girl was naturally delivered. Physical examination showed the female external genitalia, part of the hymen protruded into the vaginal orifice. Finally, the clinical diagnosis was hymen prolapse. INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES: No treatment was carried out. Reexamination at 11 days after birth revealed a significantly smaller prolapse than before. Since the postpartum follow-up, the baby has been in good condition, the hymen has gradually returned, and the genitals are all normal. LESSONS: Regardless of the confidentiality of prenatal tests regarding the sex of the fetus, prenatal ultrasound should be used to fully evaluate the morphology and structure of each system including the reproductive system of the fetus when screening fetal malformations. The purpose of this case is to remind doctors of the rigorous degree of genital examination, increase the detection rate, and save the life of the fetus.