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Spatiotemporal monitoring of a periodontal multispecies biofilm model: demonstration of prebiotic treatment responses

Biofilms are complex polymicrobial communities which are often associated with human infections such as the oral disease periodontitis. Studying these complex communities under controlled conditions requires in vitro biofilm model systems that mimic the natural environment as close as possible. This...

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Autores principales: Ghesquière, Justien, Simoens, Kenneth, Koos, Erin, Boon, Nico, Teughels, Wim, Bernaerts, Kristel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10617495/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37768099
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01081-23
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author Ghesquière, Justien
Simoens, Kenneth
Koos, Erin
Boon, Nico
Teughels, Wim
Bernaerts, Kristel
author_facet Ghesquière, Justien
Simoens, Kenneth
Koos, Erin
Boon, Nico
Teughels, Wim
Bernaerts, Kristel
author_sort Ghesquière, Justien
collection PubMed
description Biofilms are complex polymicrobial communities which are often associated with human infections such as the oral disease periodontitis. Studying these complex communities under controlled conditions requires in vitro biofilm model systems that mimic the natural environment as close as possible. This study established a multispecies periodontal model in the drip flow biofilm reactor in order to mimic the continuous flow of nutrients at the air-liquid interface in the oral cavity. The design is engineered to enable real-time characterization. A community of five bacteria, Streptococcus gordonii-GFPmut3*, Streptococcus oralis-GFPmut3*, Streptococcus sanguinis-pVMCherry, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis-SNAP26 is visualized using two distinct fluorescent proteins and the SNAP-tag. The biofilm in the reactor develops into a heterogeneous, spatially uniform, dense, and metabolically active biofilm with relative cell abundances similar to those in a healthy individual. Metabolic activity, structural features, and bacterial composition of the biofilm remain stable from 3 to 6 days. As a proof of concept for our periodontal model, the 3 days developed biofilm is exposed to a prebiotic treatment with L-arginine. Multifaceted effects of L-arginine on the oral biofilm were validated by this model setup. L-arginine showed to inhibit growth and incorporation of the pathogenic species and to reduce biofilm thickness and volume. Additionally, L-arginine is metabolized by Streptococcus gordonii-GFPmut3* and Streptococcus sanguinis-pVMCherry, producing high levels of ornithine and ammonium in the biofilm. In conclusion, our drip flow reactor setup is promising in studying spatiotemporal behavior of a multispecies periodontal community. IMPORTANCE: Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease in the oral cavity associated with the accumulation of microorganisms in a biofilm. Not the presence of the biofilm as such, but changes in the microbiota (i.e., dysbiosis) drive the development of periodontitis, resulting in the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. In this respect, novel treatment approaches focus on maintaining the health-associated homeostasis of the resident oral microbiota. To get insight in dynamic biofilm responses, our research presents the establishment of a periodontal biofilm model including Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The added value of the model setup is the combination of simulating continuously changing natural mouth conditions with spatiotemporal biofilm profiling using non-destructive characterization tools. These applications are limited for periodontal biofilm research and would contribute in understanding treatment mechanisms, short- or long-term exposure effects, the adaptation potential of the biofilm and thus treatment strategies.
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spelling pubmed-106174952023-11-01 Spatiotemporal monitoring of a periodontal multispecies biofilm model: demonstration of prebiotic treatment responses Ghesquière, Justien Simoens, Kenneth Koos, Erin Boon, Nico Teughels, Wim Bernaerts, Kristel Appl Environ Microbiol Microbial Ecology Biofilms are complex polymicrobial communities which are often associated with human infections such as the oral disease periodontitis. Studying these complex communities under controlled conditions requires in vitro biofilm model systems that mimic the natural environment as close as possible. This study established a multispecies periodontal model in the drip flow biofilm reactor in order to mimic the continuous flow of nutrients at the air-liquid interface in the oral cavity. The design is engineered to enable real-time characterization. A community of five bacteria, Streptococcus gordonii-GFPmut3*, Streptococcus oralis-GFPmut3*, Streptococcus sanguinis-pVMCherry, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis-SNAP26 is visualized using two distinct fluorescent proteins and the SNAP-tag. The biofilm in the reactor develops into a heterogeneous, spatially uniform, dense, and metabolically active biofilm with relative cell abundances similar to those in a healthy individual. Metabolic activity, structural features, and bacterial composition of the biofilm remain stable from 3 to 6 days. As a proof of concept for our periodontal model, the 3 days developed biofilm is exposed to a prebiotic treatment with L-arginine. Multifaceted effects of L-arginine on the oral biofilm were validated by this model setup. L-arginine showed to inhibit growth and incorporation of the pathogenic species and to reduce biofilm thickness and volume. Additionally, L-arginine is metabolized by Streptococcus gordonii-GFPmut3* and Streptococcus sanguinis-pVMCherry, producing high levels of ornithine and ammonium in the biofilm. In conclusion, our drip flow reactor setup is promising in studying spatiotemporal behavior of a multispecies periodontal community. IMPORTANCE: Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease in the oral cavity associated with the accumulation of microorganisms in a biofilm. Not the presence of the biofilm as such, but changes in the microbiota (i.e., dysbiosis) drive the development of periodontitis, resulting in the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. In this respect, novel treatment approaches focus on maintaining the health-associated homeostasis of the resident oral microbiota. To get insight in dynamic biofilm responses, our research presents the establishment of a periodontal biofilm model including Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The added value of the model setup is the combination of simulating continuously changing natural mouth conditions with spatiotemporal biofilm profiling using non-destructive characterization tools. These applications are limited for periodontal biofilm research and would contribute in understanding treatment mechanisms, short- or long-term exposure effects, the adaptation potential of the biofilm and thus treatment strategies. American Society for Microbiology 2023-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10617495/ /pubmed/37768099 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01081-23 Text en Copyright © 2023 Ghesquière et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Microbial Ecology
Ghesquière, Justien
Simoens, Kenneth
Koos, Erin
Boon, Nico
Teughels, Wim
Bernaerts, Kristel
Spatiotemporal monitoring of a periodontal multispecies biofilm model: demonstration of prebiotic treatment responses
title Spatiotemporal monitoring of a periodontal multispecies biofilm model: demonstration of prebiotic treatment responses
title_full Spatiotemporal monitoring of a periodontal multispecies biofilm model: demonstration of prebiotic treatment responses
title_fullStr Spatiotemporal monitoring of a periodontal multispecies biofilm model: demonstration of prebiotic treatment responses
title_full_unstemmed Spatiotemporal monitoring of a periodontal multispecies biofilm model: demonstration of prebiotic treatment responses
title_short Spatiotemporal monitoring of a periodontal multispecies biofilm model: demonstration of prebiotic treatment responses
title_sort spatiotemporal monitoring of a periodontal multispecies biofilm model: demonstration of prebiotic treatment responses
topic Microbial Ecology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10617495/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37768099
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01081-23
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