Sodium Hydrosulfide Treatment During Porcine Kidney Ex Vivo Perfusion and Transplantation

BACKGROUND. In rodents, hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury and improves renal graft function after transplantation. Here, we hypothesized that the benefits of H(2)S are conserved in pigs, a more clinically relevant model. METHODS. Adult porcine kidneys retrieved immediately or after 60 min of warm ischemia (WI) were exposed to 100 µM sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) (1) during the hypothermic ex vivo perfusion only, (2) during WI only, and (3) during both WI and ex vivo perfusion. Kidney perfusion was evaluated with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. MRI spectroscopy was further employed to assess energy metabolites including ATP. Renal biopsies were collected at various time points for histopathological analysis. RESULTS. Perfusion for 4 h pig kidneys with Belzer MPS UW + NaHS resulted in similar renal perfusion and ATP levels than perfusion with UW alone. Similarly, no difference was observed when NaHS was administered in the renal artery before ischemia. After autotransplantation, no improvement in histologic lesions or cortical/medullary kidney perfusion was observed upon H(2)S administration. In addition, AMP and ATP levels were identical in both groups. CONCLUSIONS. In conclusion, treatment of porcine kidney grafts using NaHS did not result in a significant reduction of ischemia-reperfusion injury or improvement of kidney metabolism. Future studies will need to define the benefits of H(2)S in human, possibly using other molecules as H(2)S donors.