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Correlation challenges for North Sea offshore wind power: a Norwegian case study
Offshore wind power projects are currently booming around the North Sea. However, there are inherent correlation challenges between wind farms in this area, which has implications for the optimal composition of locations and the scale-up of installed capacities. This paper is aimed at addressing the...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618294/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37907549 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45829-2 |
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author | Hjelmeland, Martin Nøland, Jonas Kristiansen |
author_facet | Hjelmeland, Martin Nøland, Jonas Kristiansen |
author_sort | Hjelmeland, Martin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Offshore wind power projects are currently booming around the North Sea. However, there are inherent correlation challenges between wind farms in this area, which has implications for the optimal composition of locations and the scale-up of installed capacities. This paper is aimed at addressing the correlation problem by minimizing the variance of total wind power accumulated around the North Sea. We show that this nonlinear convex optimization problem can be solved by applying the Augmented Lagrangian Algorithm (ALA). The premise of the study is that more interconnections between the EU countries will be prioritized in order to optimize and smooth out the wind power production patterns. A publicly available dataset with historical hour-by-hour data spanning over 20 years was used for the analysis. We explore two distinct scenarios for Norwegian offshore wind development. In the first scenario, we consider the ongoing activities on the European continental side of the North Sea and their implications for Norway. Here, we illustrate the advantages of focusing on expanding wind power capacity in the northern regions of Norway to enhance the overall value of the generated wind power. In contrast, the second reference scenario neglects these interconnections, resulting in a significantly greater concentration of offshore wind development in the southern parts of Norway, particularly in Sørlige Nordsjø II. Additionally, our work estimates the wind power correlation coefficient in the North Sea as a function of distance. Furthermore, we analyze deviations and intermittencies in North Sea wind power over various time intervals, emphasizing that the perceived integration challenges are highly dependent on the chosen time resolution in the analysis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10618294 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106182942023-11-02 Correlation challenges for North Sea offshore wind power: a Norwegian case study Hjelmeland, Martin Nøland, Jonas Kristiansen Sci Rep Article Offshore wind power projects are currently booming around the North Sea. However, there are inherent correlation challenges between wind farms in this area, which has implications for the optimal composition of locations and the scale-up of installed capacities. This paper is aimed at addressing the correlation problem by minimizing the variance of total wind power accumulated around the North Sea. We show that this nonlinear convex optimization problem can be solved by applying the Augmented Lagrangian Algorithm (ALA). The premise of the study is that more interconnections between the EU countries will be prioritized in order to optimize and smooth out the wind power production patterns. A publicly available dataset with historical hour-by-hour data spanning over 20 years was used for the analysis. We explore two distinct scenarios for Norwegian offshore wind development. In the first scenario, we consider the ongoing activities on the European continental side of the North Sea and their implications for Norway. Here, we illustrate the advantages of focusing on expanding wind power capacity in the northern regions of Norway to enhance the overall value of the generated wind power. In contrast, the second reference scenario neglects these interconnections, resulting in a significantly greater concentration of offshore wind development in the southern parts of Norway, particularly in Sørlige Nordsjø II. Additionally, our work estimates the wind power correlation coefficient in the North Sea as a function of distance. Furthermore, we analyze deviations and intermittencies in North Sea wind power over various time intervals, emphasizing that the perceived integration challenges are highly dependent on the chosen time resolution in the analysis. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-10-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10618294/ /pubmed/37907549 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45829-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Hjelmeland, Martin Nøland, Jonas Kristiansen Correlation challenges for North Sea offshore wind power: a Norwegian case study |
title | Correlation challenges for North Sea offshore wind power: a Norwegian case study |
title_full | Correlation challenges for North Sea offshore wind power: a Norwegian case study |
title_fullStr | Correlation challenges for North Sea offshore wind power: a Norwegian case study |
title_full_unstemmed | Correlation challenges for North Sea offshore wind power: a Norwegian case study |
title_short | Correlation challenges for North Sea offshore wind power: a Norwegian case study |
title_sort | correlation challenges for north sea offshore wind power: a norwegian case study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618294/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37907549 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45829-2 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT hjelmelandmartin correlationchallengesfornorthseaoffshorewindpoweranorwegiancasestudy AT nølandjonaskristiansen correlationchallengesfornorthseaoffshorewindpoweranorwegiancasestudy |