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Contact tracing: Characteristics of COVID-19 cases that provided contacts

This cross-sectional study evaluated COVID-19 contact tracing efforts to identify variations in contact tracing outcomes in different population subgroups. Contact tracing was a critical tool to slow the COVID-19 epidemic. A literature gap evaluating contact tracing elicitation exits, particularly o...

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Autores principales: Dorabawila, Vajeera, Maduka, Doris, Barnes, Virgile, Ramesh, Nirmala, Hoefer, Dina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10621982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37917769
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293208
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author Dorabawila, Vajeera
Maduka, Doris
Barnes, Virgile
Ramesh, Nirmala
Hoefer, Dina
author_facet Dorabawila, Vajeera
Maduka, Doris
Barnes, Virgile
Ramesh, Nirmala
Hoefer, Dina
author_sort Dorabawila, Vajeera
collection PubMed
description This cross-sectional study evaluated COVID-19 contact tracing efforts to identify variations in contact tracing outcomes in different population subgroups. Contact tracing was a critical tool to slow the COVID-19 epidemic. A literature gap evaluating contact tracing elicitation exits, particularly on prioritized groups. We analyzed data from COVID-19 cases linking statewide case management, immunization, laboratory testing, and hospitalization databases in New York State (NYS) outside of New York City from February 1 to November 30, 2021. Focus was cases in home-based residential settings (excluding congregate care) and prioritized groups (educational institutions, large households, close quarters, higher-risk persons, hospitalized). The primary outcome was completed interviews that provided a contact. Of the 550,850 cases interviewed during the study period, 316,645 (57.5%) provided at least one contact. Adults aged 18 to 49 years were most likely to provide contacts than those aged 65 years and older (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39–1.45). Compared to unvaccinated cases, boosted individuals (aOR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.50–1.73) were most likely to provide contacts, followed by persons with only a primary vaccine series (aOR, 1.3; 95%CI, 1.28–1.33) and partially vaccinated (aOR, 1.21; 95%CI, 1.18–1.24). Repeat cases (aOR, 1.07; 95%CI, 1.01–1.14), pregnant persons (aOR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1,19–1.34), those with underlying conditions (aOR 1.22; 95%CI, 1.20–1.23), and those in K-12 settings (aOR 1.55; 95%CI, 1.50–1.61) were more likely to provide contacts. There was no clear association between hospitalized, while zip code level income may (aOR, 1.006; 95%CI, 1.003, 1.009). Persons from larger households were more likely to provide contacts: aOR for two or more persons vs. one person households ranged from 2.49 to 4.7 (95%CI, 2.20–4.78). Our findings indicate success in eliciting contacts from prioritized groups and identify variable contact elicitation outcomes from different population groups. These results may serve as a tool for future contact tracing efforts.
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spelling pubmed-106219822023-11-03 Contact tracing: Characteristics of COVID-19 cases that provided contacts Dorabawila, Vajeera Maduka, Doris Barnes, Virgile Ramesh, Nirmala Hoefer, Dina PLoS One Research Article This cross-sectional study evaluated COVID-19 contact tracing efforts to identify variations in contact tracing outcomes in different population subgroups. Contact tracing was a critical tool to slow the COVID-19 epidemic. A literature gap evaluating contact tracing elicitation exits, particularly on prioritized groups. We analyzed data from COVID-19 cases linking statewide case management, immunization, laboratory testing, and hospitalization databases in New York State (NYS) outside of New York City from February 1 to November 30, 2021. Focus was cases in home-based residential settings (excluding congregate care) and prioritized groups (educational institutions, large households, close quarters, higher-risk persons, hospitalized). The primary outcome was completed interviews that provided a contact. Of the 550,850 cases interviewed during the study period, 316,645 (57.5%) provided at least one contact. Adults aged 18 to 49 years were most likely to provide contacts than those aged 65 years and older (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39–1.45). Compared to unvaccinated cases, boosted individuals (aOR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.50–1.73) were most likely to provide contacts, followed by persons with only a primary vaccine series (aOR, 1.3; 95%CI, 1.28–1.33) and partially vaccinated (aOR, 1.21; 95%CI, 1.18–1.24). Repeat cases (aOR, 1.07; 95%CI, 1.01–1.14), pregnant persons (aOR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1,19–1.34), those with underlying conditions (aOR 1.22; 95%CI, 1.20–1.23), and those in K-12 settings (aOR 1.55; 95%CI, 1.50–1.61) were more likely to provide contacts. There was no clear association between hospitalized, while zip code level income may (aOR, 1.006; 95%CI, 1.003, 1.009). Persons from larger households were more likely to provide contacts: aOR for two or more persons vs. one person households ranged from 2.49 to 4.7 (95%CI, 2.20–4.78). Our findings indicate success in eliciting contacts from prioritized groups and identify variable contact elicitation outcomes from different population groups. These results may serve as a tool for future contact tracing efforts. Public Library of Science 2023-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10621982/ /pubmed/37917769 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293208 Text en © 2023 Dorabawila et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Dorabawila, Vajeera
Maduka, Doris
Barnes, Virgile
Ramesh, Nirmala
Hoefer, Dina
Contact tracing: Characteristics of COVID-19 cases that provided contacts
title Contact tracing: Characteristics of COVID-19 cases that provided contacts
title_full Contact tracing: Characteristics of COVID-19 cases that provided contacts
title_fullStr Contact tracing: Characteristics of COVID-19 cases that provided contacts
title_full_unstemmed Contact tracing: Characteristics of COVID-19 cases that provided contacts
title_short Contact tracing: Characteristics of COVID-19 cases that provided contacts
title_sort contact tracing: characteristics of covid-19 cases that provided contacts
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10621982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37917769
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293208
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