Orthotopic kidney transplantation from a living renal donor after interventional therapy for bilateral arteriosclerosis obliterans of the iliac arteries: A case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION: Orthotopic kidney transplantation is an option when heterotopic kidney transplantation into the iliac fossa is inappropriate. We report a case of orthotopic kidney transplantation following stenting of both external iliac arteries to treat arteriosclerosis obliterans. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56‐year‐old woman on hemodialysis for end‐stage kidney disease underwent living‐donor kidney transplantation. Desensitization therapy was administered because of her history of sensitization by pregnancy. Stents had been placed previously in both external iliac arteries. The left kidney was removed via an oblique lumbar incision. The two graft arteries were conjoined and anastomosed to the native renal artery end‐to‐end. The urinary tract was reconstructed by uretero‐ureterostomy with ureteral stent placement. Renal function improved promptly after surgery. CONCLUSION: Preoperative imaging of vascular anatomy is important for successful orthotopic kidney transplantation in patients who have previously undergone stenting of both external iliac arteries for arteriosclerosis obliterans.