Neugeborenen-Hörscreening in Deutschland – Ergebnisse der Evaluationen 2011/2012 und 2017/2018

BACKGROUND: Newborn hearing screening (NHS) was introduced nationwide by the Federal Joint Committee (Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss, G‑BA) in 2009. In this process, quality targets were also set in the pediatrics directive. In order to review the quality NHS in Germany, the G‑BA commissioned a consortium to conduct an initial evaluation for the years 2011 and 2012 and a follow-up evaluation for 2017 and 2018. METHODS: The evaluations were based on NHS screening parameters (Sammelstatistiken) that must be documented by all obstetrics and neonatology departments as NHS providers and can also be compiled through cooperation with hearing screening centers (HSCs). Additional data were collected through questionnaires and interviews and routine data were used to evaluate the screening process. RESULTS: In 13 federal states, a total of 15 HSCs are involved in the screening process. Across Germany, an NHS screening rate of 86.1% was documented in 2018 (82.4% in 2012), but this differed significantly between the federal states. The specified quality targets could not yet be implemented everywhere. For example, only less than half of the obstetric departments achieved the specified screening rate of over 95%. A comparison of data from the follow-up evaluation and the first evaluation showed that the structural quality of NHS had improved, while the process quality remained the same or had deteriorated. The refer rate (children who were discharged without passing the screening) increased from 5.3% to 6.0%. DISCUSSION: To improve the quality of NHS, HSCs should be established nationwide and a second screening should be carried out more consistently before discharge in the case of a refer result in the initial screening.