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Effect of sodium substitution by yttrium on the structural, dielectric and electrical properties of Ba(2)Na((1-3x))Y(x)Nb(5)O(15) ceramics
The effects of Na(+) substitution by Y(3+) on the structural, microstructural, dielectric and electrical properties of Ba(2)Na((1-3x))Y(x)Nb(5)O(15) compositions with (x = 0, 0.02 and 0.04) have been studied in detail. The solid solutions of different compositions were prepared by the solid state re...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623180/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37928016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21037 |
Sumario: | The effects of Na(+) substitution by Y(3+) on the structural, microstructural, dielectric and electrical properties of Ba(2)Na((1-3x))Y(x)Nb(5)O(15) compositions with (x = 0, 0.02 and 0.04) have been studied in detail. The solid solutions of different compositions were prepared by the solid state reaction route method and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Complex Impedance Spectroscopy (CIS) techniques. The XRD study confirmed that all prepared compositions have a single-phase orthorhombic tungsten bronze structure with space group Cmm2 at room temperature. The microstructural studies revealed a grain shape and size change in response to increasing Y(3+) concentration. The dielectric properties of the obtained compositions are evaluated over a temperature range of 40–600 °C. The dielectric properties were improved for the Y(2)O(3)-substituted Ba(2)NaNb(5)O(15) compound compared to the undoped Ba(2)NaNb(5)O(15) compound. The non-Debye type relaxation mechanism is confirmed by the -Z″ versus Z′ traces. The grain contribution was studied using an equivalent electrical circuit with a Resistor R, a Capacitor C, and a Constant-Phase Element CPE in parallel, in the absence of the grain boundary response and the electrode effect in the frequency range 10 Hz-1MHz. The experimental AC conductivity data were evaluated by using Jonscher's power law. The activation energies obtained from the relaxation and conduction processes, present two different regions as a function of temperature related to the two electrical processes for the prepared ceramics. |
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