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Patient and Health Care Provider Perspectives on Patient Access to Test Results via Web Portals: Scoping Review
BACKGROUND: A frequently used feature of electronic patient portals is the viewing of test results. Research on patient portals is abundant and offers evidence to help portal implementers make policy and practice decisions. In contrast, no comparable comprehensive summary of research addresses the d...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
JMIR Publications
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623227/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37856174 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/43765 |
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author | Petrovskaya, Olga Karpman, Albina Schilling, Joanna Singh, Simran Wegren, Larissa Caine, Vera Kusi-Appiah, Elizabeth Geen, Willow |
author_facet | Petrovskaya, Olga Karpman, Albina Schilling, Joanna Singh, Simran Wegren, Larissa Caine, Vera Kusi-Appiah, Elizabeth Geen, Willow |
author_sort | Petrovskaya, Olga |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: A frequently used feature of electronic patient portals is the viewing of test results. Research on patient portals is abundant and offers evidence to help portal implementers make policy and practice decisions. In contrast, no comparable comprehensive summary of research addresses the direct release of and patient access to test results. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to analyze and synthesize published research focused on patient and health care provider perspectives on the direct release of laboratory, imaging, and radiology results to patients via web portals. METHODS: PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. Searches were conducted in CINAHL, MEDLINE, and other databases. Citations were screened in Covidence using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary studies that focused on patient and health care provider perspectives on patient access to laboratory and imaging results via web portals were included. An updated search was conducted up to August 2023. Our review included 27 articles—20 examining patient views, 3 examining provider views, and 4 examining both patient and provider views. Data extraction and inductive data analysis were informed by sensitizing concepts from sociomaterial perspectives, and 15 themes were generated. RESULTS: Patient perspectives (24 papers) were synthesized using nine themes: (1) patterns of use and patient characteristics; (2) emotional response when viewing the results and uncertainty about their implications; (3) understanding test results; (4) preferences for mode and timing of result release; (5). information seeking and patients’ actions motivated by viewing results via a portal; (6) contemplating changes in behavior and managing own health; (7) benefits of accessing test results via a portal; (8) limitations of accessing test results via a portal; and (9) suggestions for portal improvement. Health care provider perspectives (7 papers) were synthetized into six themes: (1) providers’ view of benefits of patient access to results via the portal; (2) effects on health care provider workload; (3) concerns about patient anxiety; (4) timing of result release into the patient portal; (5) the method of result release into the patient portal: manual versus automatic release; and (6) the effects of hospital health information technology system on patient quality outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The timing of the release of test results emerged as a particularly important topic. In some countries, the policy context may motivate immediate release of most tests directly into patient portals. However, our findings aim to make policy makers, health administrators, and other stakeholders aware of factors to consider when making decisions about the timing of result release. This review is sensitive to the characteristics of patient populations and portal technology and can inform result release framework policies. The findings are timely, as patient portals have become more common internationally. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10623227 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | JMIR Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106232272023-11-04 Patient and Health Care Provider Perspectives on Patient Access to Test Results via Web Portals: Scoping Review Petrovskaya, Olga Karpman, Albina Schilling, Joanna Singh, Simran Wegren, Larissa Caine, Vera Kusi-Appiah, Elizabeth Geen, Willow J Med Internet Res Review BACKGROUND: A frequently used feature of electronic patient portals is the viewing of test results. Research on patient portals is abundant and offers evidence to help portal implementers make policy and practice decisions. In contrast, no comparable comprehensive summary of research addresses the direct release of and patient access to test results. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to analyze and synthesize published research focused on patient and health care provider perspectives on the direct release of laboratory, imaging, and radiology results to patients via web portals. METHODS: PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. Searches were conducted in CINAHL, MEDLINE, and other databases. Citations were screened in Covidence using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary studies that focused on patient and health care provider perspectives on patient access to laboratory and imaging results via web portals were included. An updated search was conducted up to August 2023. Our review included 27 articles—20 examining patient views, 3 examining provider views, and 4 examining both patient and provider views. Data extraction and inductive data analysis were informed by sensitizing concepts from sociomaterial perspectives, and 15 themes were generated. RESULTS: Patient perspectives (24 papers) were synthesized using nine themes: (1) patterns of use and patient characteristics; (2) emotional response when viewing the results and uncertainty about their implications; (3) understanding test results; (4) preferences for mode and timing of result release; (5). information seeking and patients’ actions motivated by viewing results via a portal; (6) contemplating changes in behavior and managing own health; (7) benefits of accessing test results via a portal; (8) limitations of accessing test results via a portal; and (9) suggestions for portal improvement. Health care provider perspectives (7 papers) were synthetized into six themes: (1) providers’ view of benefits of patient access to results via the portal; (2) effects on health care provider workload; (3) concerns about patient anxiety; (4) timing of result release into the patient portal; (5) the method of result release into the patient portal: manual versus automatic release; and (6) the effects of hospital health information technology system on patient quality outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The timing of the release of test results emerged as a particularly important topic. In some countries, the policy context may motivate immediate release of most tests directly into patient portals. However, our findings aim to make policy makers, health administrators, and other stakeholders aware of factors to consider when making decisions about the timing of result release. This review is sensitive to the characteristics of patient populations and portal technology and can inform result release framework policies. The findings are timely, as patient portals have become more common internationally. JMIR Publications 2023-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10623227/ /pubmed/37856174 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/43765 Text en ©Olga Petrovskaya, Albina Karpman, Joanna Schilling, Simran Singh, Larissa Wegren, Vera Caine, Elizabeth Kusi-Appiah, Willow Geen. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 19.10.2023. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included. |
spellingShingle | Review Petrovskaya, Olga Karpman, Albina Schilling, Joanna Singh, Simran Wegren, Larissa Caine, Vera Kusi-Appiah, Elizabeth Geen, Willow Patient and Health Care Provider Perspectives on Patient Access to Test Results via Web Portals: Scoping Review |
title | Patient and Health Care Provider Perspectives on Patient Access to Test Results via Web Portals: Scoping Review |
title_full | Patient and Health Care Provider Perspectives on Patient Access to Test Results via Web Portals: Scoping Review |
title_fullStr | Patient and Health Care Provider Perspectives on Patient Access to Test Results via Web Portals: Scoping Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Patient and Health Care Provider Perspectives on Patient Access to Test Results via Web Portals: Scoping Review |
title_short | Patient and Health Care Provider Perspectives on Patient Access to Test Results via Web Portals: Scoping Review |
title_sort | patient and health care provider perspectives on patient access to test results via web portals: scoping review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623227/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37856174 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/43765 |
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