Construction and application of flow pressure drop model of perforated well considering pressure loss of perforation hole

Perforating well is one of the main production wells in reservoir development. Perforating effect directly affects well production, so the optimization of perforating parameters has attracted wide attention. Because pressure difference serves as the driving force for fluid flowing from formation to wellbore, it is important to understand the composition of production pressure difference in perforating well, which can guide the optimization of perforating parameters and the evaluation of perforating effect. In order to clarify the composition of production pressure difference during the production process of perforated wells, a pressure drop model pressure drop model is established based on fluid mechanics theory, which includes a pressure drop model of formation and a pressure drop model of perforation hole. The pressure drop model of formation is firstly constructed based on the Darcy's law and the equivalent resistance method, and the pressure drop model of perforation hole is built by the fluid tube-flow theory. Secondly, the numerical calculation method is adopted to realize the coupling solution of models, and the accuracy of this model is verified by comparison of the Karakas-Tariq model. Finally, the effects of formation physical properties and perforating parameters on flow pressure drop are discussed. The results show that there is a difference of more than 2 orders of magnitude between the pressure drop generated in perforation hole and flow pressure difference, and pressure drop of perforation hole can be neglected in practical applications. Comparing with medium–high permeability reservoirs, optimizing perforation parameters in low permeability reservoirs has a more significant impact on flow pressure drop. Among perforating parameters, perforation length and perforation density have great influence on flow pressure difference, while perforation diameter and phase angle have relatively little influence. These results have certain guiding significance for optimizing perforating parameters in different permeability reservoirs.