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Ranking age-specific modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a paramount contemporary health challenge. This study examined age-specific effects of 14 risk factors on CVD and mortality in different age groups. METHODS: We analyzed data from 226,759 CVD-free participants aged 40 years and older in the UK Biobank...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10626167/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37936651 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102230 |
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author | Tian, Fei Chen, Lan Qian, Zhengmin (Min) Xia, Hui Zhang, Zilong Zhang, Jingyi Wang, Chongjian Vaughn, Michael G. Tabet, Maya Lin, Hualiang |
author_facet | Tian, Fei Chen, Lan Qian, Zhengmin (Min) Xia, Hui Zhang, Zilong Zhang, Jingyi Wang, Chongjian Vaughn, Michael G. Tabet, Maya Lin, Hualiang |
author_sort | Tian, Fei |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a paramount contemporary health challenge. This study examined age-specific effects of 14 risk factors on CVD and mortality in different age groups. METHODS: We analyzed data from 226,759 CVD-free participants aged 40 years and older in the UK Biobank during the period from baseline time (2006–2010) to September 30, 2021. The primary CVD outcome was a composite of incident coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke. We calculated age-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and population-attributable fractions (PAF) for CVD and mortality associated with 14 potentially modifiable risk factors. FINDINGS: During 12.17-year follow-up, 23,838 incident CVD cases and 11,949 deaths occurred. Age-specific disparities were observed in the risk factors contributing to CVD, and the overall PAF declined with age (PAF of 56.53% in middle-age; 49.78% in quinquagenarian; 42.45% in the elderly). Metabolic factors had the highest PAF in each age group, with hypertension (14.04% of the PAF) and abdominal obesity (9.58% of the PAF) being prominent. Behavioral factors had the highest PAF in the middle-aged group (10.68% of the PAF), and smoking was the leading behavioral factor in all age groups. In socioeconomic and psychosocial risk clusters, low income contributed most among middle-aged (3.74% of the PAF) and elderly groups (3.66% of the PAF), while less education accounted more PAF for quinquagenarian group (4.46% of the PAF). Similar age-specific patterns were observed for cardiovascular subtypes and mortality. INTERPRETATION: A large fraction of CVD cases and deaths were associated with modifiable risk factors in all age groups. Targeted efforts should focus on the most impactful risk factors, as well as age-specific modifiable risk factors. These findings may inform the development of more precise medical strategies to prevent and manage CVD and related mortality. FUNDING: The work was supported by the 10.13039/100000865Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant number: INV-016826 to Hualiang Lin) and the 10.13039/100014717National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number: 82373534 to Hualiang Lin). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10626167 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106261672023-11-07 Ranking age-specific modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study Tian, Fei Chen, Lan Qian, Zhengmin (Min) Xia, Hui Zhang, Zilong Zhang, Jingyi Wang, Chongjian Vaughn, Michael G. Tabet, Maya Lin, Hualiang eClinicalMedicine Articles BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a paramount contemporary health challenge. This study examined age-specific effects of 14 risk factors on CVD and mortality in different age groups. METHODS: We analyzed data from 226,759 CVD-free participants aged 40 years and older in the UK Biobank during the period from baseline time (2006–2010) to September 30, 2021. The primary CVD outcome was a composite of incident coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke. We calculated age-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and population-attributable fractions (PAF) for CVD and mortality associated with 14 potentially modifiable risk factors. FINDINGS: During 12.17-year follow-up, 23,838 incident CVD cases and 11,949 deaths occurred. Age-specific disparities were observed in the risk factors contributing to CVD, and the overall PAF declined with age (PAF of 56.53% in middle-age; 49.78% in quinquagenarian; 42.45% in the elderly). Metabolic factors had the highest PAF in each age group, with hypertension (14.04% of the PAF) and abdominal obesity (9.58% of the PAF) being prominent. Behavioral factors had the highest PAF in the middle-aged group (10.68% of the PAF), and smoking was the leading behavioral factor in all age groups. In socioeconomic and psychosocial risk clusters, low income contributed most among middle-aged (3.74% of the PAF) and elderly groups (3.66% of the PAF), while less education accounted more PAF for quinquagenarian group (4.46% of the PAF). Similar age-specific patterns were observed for cardiovascular subtypes and mortality. INTERPRETATION: A large fraction of CVD cases and deaths were associated with modifiable risk factors in all age groups. Targeted efforts should focus on the most impactful risk factors, as well as age-specific modifiable risk factors. These findings may inform the development of more precise medical strategies to prevent and manage CVD and related mortality. FUNDING: The work was supported by the 10.13039/100000865Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant number: INV-016826 to Hualiang Lin) and the 10.13039/100014717National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number: 82373534 to Hualiang Lin). Elsevier 2023-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10626167/ /pubmed/37936651 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102230 Text en © 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Articles Tian, Fei Chen, Lan Qian, Zhengmin (Min) Xia, Hui Zhang, Zilong Zhang, Jingyi Wang, Chongjian Vaughn, Michael G. Tabet, Maya Lin, Hualiang Ranking age-specific modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study |
title | Ranking age-specific modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study |
title_full | Ranking age-specific modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study |
title_fullStr | Ranking age-specific modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study |
title_full_unstemmed | Ranking age-specific modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study |
title_short | Ranking age-specific modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study |
title_sort | ranking age-specific modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from a population-based longitudinal study |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10626167/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37936651 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102230 |
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