Brazilian Dialysis Survey 2021

INTRODUCTION: The Brazilian Dialysis Survey (BDS) is an important source of national data about people on chronic dialysis that contributes to the formulation of health policies regarding kidney failure. OBJECTIVE: To report the 2021 epidemiological data from the BDS of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology (BSN). METHODS: A survey was carried out in Brazilian chronic dialysis centers using an online questionnaire covering clinical and epidemiological aspects of patients in chronic dialysis, data on dialysis therapy, characteristics of dialysis centers, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic of 2021. RESULTS: Thirty percent (n = 252) of the centers answered the questionnaire. In July 2021, the estimated total number of patients on dialysis was 148,363. The estimated prevalence and incidence rates of patients per million population (pmp) were 696 and 224, respectively. Of the prevalent patients, 94.2% were on hemodialysis (HD) (1.8% of these on hemodiafiltration), and 5.8% on peritoneal dialysis (PD); 21% were on the transplant waiting list. The incidence rate of confirmed COVID-19 between January and July 2021 was 1,236/10,000 dialysis patients, and the case-fatality rate reached 25.5%. Up to July 2021, 88.6% of patients had received at least one dose of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The estimated overall and COVID-19 crude annual mortality rates were 22.3% and 5.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The absolute number and the prevalence rate of patients on chronic dialysis continue to increase. Most dialysis patients were vaccinated against COVID-19 during the year. The COVID-19 pandemic was associated to the overall mortality rate.