High-risk HPV-associated ovarian squamous cell carcinoma: A case report and literature review

RATIONALE: Ovarian squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an exceedingly rare subtype, and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-related OSCC is even rarer. PATIENT CONCERNS: An 8-cm diameter ovarian cyst was detected during a routine B-ultrasound examination, and the patient underwent laparoscopic surgery. Postoperative pathological examination revealed HPV-16-related OSCC involving adjacent uterine tissue. The patient received postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. DIAGNOSES: High-risk HPV-related OSCC. INTERVENTIONS: No. OUTCOMES: The patient was finally diagnosed with high-risk HPV-related OSCC and underwent surgical treatment. LESSONS SUBSECTIONS: In patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who have undergone cervical conization and maintained annual HPV negativity, the possibility of high-risk HPV-related OSCC should be considered, despite its extreme rarity. Vigilance is essential in the presence of ovarian cysts even after HPV clearance.