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Antibiotic prophylaxis in acute childhood leukemia: What is known so far?

INTRODUCTION: The treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has evolved in recent decades, reaching an overall survival rate close to 90%. Currently, approximately 4% of patients with ALL die from secondary complications of chemotherapy. Among these complications, the most frequent is febrile...

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Autores principales: Dufrayer, Mauro Cesar, Monteiro, Yasmine Massaro Carneiro, Carlesse, Fabianne Altruda de Moraes Costa, Motta, Fabrizio, Daudt, Liane Esteves, Michalowski, Mariana Bohns
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sociedade Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627853/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36522273
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.1279
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author Dufrayer, Mauro Cesar
Monteiro, Yasmine Massaro Carneiro
Carlesse, Fabianne Altruda de Moraes Costa
Motta, Fabrizio
Daudt, Liane Esteves
Michalowski, Mariana Bohns
author_facet Dufrayer, Mauro Cesar
Monteiro, Yasmine Massaro Carneiro
Carlesse, Fabianne Altruda de Moraes Costa
Motta, Fabrizio
Daudt, Liane Esteves
Michalowski, Mariana Bohns
author_sort Dufrayer, Mauro Cesar
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: The treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has evolved in recent decades, reaching an overall survival rate close to 90%. Currently, approximately 4% of patients with ALL die from secondary complications of chemotherapy. Among these complications, the most frequent is febrile neutropenia (FN). The treatment of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) is even more aggressive, being consequently related to a considerable amount of treatment-related toxicity with a high risk of severe infection and death. METHOD: In order to reduce the infection-related risks in these groups of patients, systemic antibacterial prophylaxis has emerged as a possible approach. RESULTS: Antibiotic prophylaxis during neutropenia periods in those undergoing chemotherapy have .already been proven in adults with acute leukemias (ALs). Among the possible available therapeutic options for bacterial prophylaxis in children with cancer, fluoroquinolones emerged with the most amount of evidence. Within this class, levofloxacin became the best choice. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the use of levofloxacin seems to be indicated in very specific situations: in children who are known to be neutropenic for a long time, secondary to intensive chemotherapy; in children with AL undergoing chemotherapy to induce remission; or in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This article aims to describe recent evidence focusing on antibiotic prophylaxis in children with ALs.
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spelling pubmed-106278532023-11-08 Antibiotic prophylaxis in acute childhood leukemia: What is known so far? Dufrayer, Mauro Cesar Monteiro, Yasmine Massaro Carneiro Carlesse, Fabianne Altruda de Moraes Costa Motta, Fabrizio Daudt, Liane Esteves Michalowski, Mariana Bohns Hematol Transfus Cell Ther Review Article INTRODUCTION: The treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has evolved in recent decades, reaching an overall survival rate close to 90%. Currently, approximately 4% of patients with ALL die from secondary complications of chemotherapy. Among these complications, the most frequent is febrile neutropenia (FN). The treatment of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) is even more aggressive, being consequently related to a considerable amount of treatment-related toxicity with a high risk of severe infection and death. METHOD: In order to reduce the infection-related risks in these groups of patients, systemic antibacterial prophylaxis has emerged as a possible approach. RESULTS: Antibiotic prophylaxis during neutropenia periods in those undergoing chemotherapy have .already been proven in adults with acute leukemias (ALs). Among the possible available therapeutic options for bacterial prophylaxis in children with cancer, fluoroquinolones emerged with the most amount of evidence. Within this class, levofloxacin became the best choice. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the use of levofloxacin seems to be indicated in very specific situations: in children who are known to be neutropenic for a long time, secondary to intensive chemotherapy; in children with AL undergoing chemotherapy to induce remission; or in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This article aims to describe recent evidence focusing on antibiotic prophylaxis in children with ALs. Sociedade Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia 2023 2022-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10627853/ /pubmed/36522273 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.1279 Text en © 2022 Associação Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review Article
Dufrayer, Mauro Cesar
Monteiro, Yasmine Massaro Carneiro
Carlesse, Fabianne Altruda de Moraes Costa
Motta, Fabrizio
Daudt, Liane Esteves
Michalowski, Mariana Bohns
Antibiotic prophylaxis in acute childhood leukemia: What is known so far?
title Antibiotic prophylaxis in acute childhood leukemia: What is known so far?
title_full Antibiotic prophylaxis in acute childhood leukemia: What is known so far?
title_fullStr Antibiotic prophylaxis in acute childhood leukemia: What is known so far?
title_full_unstemmed Antibiotic prophylaxis in acute childhood leukemia: What is known so far?
title_short Antibiotic prophylaxis in acute childhood leukemia: What is known so far?
title_sort antibiotic prophylaxis in acute childhood leukemia: what is known so far?
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627853/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36522273
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.1279
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