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Mechanisms and biomarkers of immune-related adverse events in gastric cancer

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), different from traditional cancer treatment models, have shown unprecedented anti-tumor effects in the past decade, greatly improving the prognosis of many malignant tumors in clinical practice. At present, the most widely used ICIs in clinical immunotherapy for...

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Autores principales: Ding, Ping’an, Liu, Pengpeng, Meng, Lingjiao, Zhao, Qun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10631148/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37936161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01365-3
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author Ding, Ping’an
Liu, Pengpeng
Meng, Lingjiao
Zhao, Qun
author_facet Ding, Ping’an
Liu, Pengpeng
Meng, Lingjiao
Zhao, Qun
author_sort Ding, Ping’an
collection PubMed
description Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), different from traditional cancer treatment models, have shown unprecedented anti-tumor effects in the past decade, greatly improving the prognosis of many malignant tumors in clinical practice. At present, the most widely used ICIs in clinical immunotherapy for a variety of solid tumors are monoclonal antibodies against cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and their ligand PD-L1. However, tumor patients may induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) while performing immunotherapy, and irAE is an obstacle to the prospect of ICI treatment. IrAE is a non-specific disease caused by immune system imbalance, which can occur in many tissues and organs. For example, skin, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system and lung. Although the exact mechanism is not completely clear, related studies have shown that irAE may develop through many ways. Such as excessive activation of autoreactive T cells, excessive release of inflammatory cytokines, elevated levels of autoantibodies, and common antigens between tumors and normal tissues. Considering that the occurrence of severe IrAE not only causes irreversible damage to the patient’s body, but also terminates immunotherapy due to immune intolerance. Therefore, accurate identification and screening of sensitive markers of irAE are the main beneficiaries of ICI treatment. Additionally, irAEs usually require specific management, the most common of which are steroids and immunomodulatory therapies. This review aims to summarize the current biomarkers for predicting irAE in gastric cancer and their possible mechanisms.
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spelling pubmed-106311482023-11-08 Mechanisms and biomarkers of immune-related adverse events in gastric cancer Ding, Ping’an Liu, Pengpeng Meng, Lingjiao Zhao, Qun Eur J Med Res Review Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), different from traditional cancer treatment models, have shown unprecedented anti-tumor effects in the past decade, greatly improving the prognosis of many malignant tumors in clinical practice. At present, the most widely used ICIs in clinical immunotherapy for a variety of solid tumors are monoclonal antibodies against cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and their ligand PD-L1. However, tumor patients may induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) while performing immunotherapy, and irAE is an obstacle to the prospect of ICI treatment. IrAE is a non-specific disease caused by immune system imbalance, which can occur in many tissues and organs. For example, skin, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system and lung. Although the exact mechanism is not completely clear, related studies have shown that irAE may develop through many ways. Such as excessive activation of autoreactive T cells, excessive release of inflammatory cytokines, elevated levels of autoantibodies, and common antigens between tumors and normal tissues. Considering that the occurrence of severe IrAE not only causes irreversible damage to the patient’s body, but also terminates immunotherapy due to immune intolerance. Therefore, accurate identification and screening of sensitive markers of irAE are the main beneficiaries of ICI treatment. Additionally, irAEs usually require specific management, the most common of which are steroids and immunomodulatory therapies. This review aims to summarize the current biomarkers for predicting irAE in gastric cancer and their possible mechanisms. BioMed Central 2023-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10631148/ /pubmed/37936161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01365-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Ding, Ping’an
Liu, Pengpeng
Meng, Lingjiao
Zhao, Qun
Mechanisms and biomarkers of immune-related adverse events in gastric cancer
title Mechanisms and biomarkers of immune-related adverse events in gastric cancer
title_full Mechanisms and biomarkers of immune-related adverse events in gastric cancer
title_fullStr Mechanisms and biomarkers of immune-related adverse events in gastric cancer
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms and biomarkers of immune-related adverse events in gastric cancer
title_short Mechanisms and biomarkers of immune-related adverse events in gastric cancer
title_sort mechanisms and biomarkers of immune-related adverse events in gastric cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10631148/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37936161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01365-3
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