Placental Abruption Complicated by the Couvelaire Uterus: A High-Risk Obstetric Case at 30 Weeks Gestation

Placental abruption, a rare but life-threatening obstetric emergency, presents substantial risks to maternal and fetal well-being. This case report documents the clinical journey of a 35-year-old woman with multiple risk factors who presented at 30 weeks gestation with symptoms suggestive of placental abruption, including colicky lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. Notably, her late initiation of prenatal care and a history of pregnancy-induced hypertension added complexity to the clinical picture. The case revealed a Couvelaire uterus, an uncommon and challenging complication of placental abruption, further emphasizing the need for early recognition and swift intervention. A multidisciplinary approach played a pivotal role in managing this high-risk obstetric case. Imaging and laboratory tests facilitated diagnosis and assessment, guiding surgical intervention and post-operative care. Despite the severity of the condition, the patient experienced a positive outcome for herself and her fetus, highlighting the critical importance of timely and comprehensive medical care. This case report contributes to medical knowledge by shedding light on the rare Couvelaire uterus. It underscores the significance of early diagnosis, coordinated healthcare teams, and patient education in mitigating risks associated with placental abruption. Ultimately, it reinforces the vital role of healthcare providers in safeguarding the lives of expectant mothers and their infants in obstetric emergencies.