HSP70 via HIF-1 α SUMOylation inhibits ferroptosis inducing lung cancer recurrence after insufficient radiofrequency ablation

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective and feasible therapy for lung cancer, but accelerated progression of residual non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after incomplete radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has frequently been reported. A previous study reported that HSP70 and HIF-1α were highly expressed in areas with incomplete RFA. Therefore, we sought to elucidate the regulatory effect of the HIF-1α/HSP70 pathway on lung cancer recurrence after incomplete radiofrequency ablation. In this study, we found that knockdown of HSP70 can reduce sumo 1, sumo 2/3 (marker of SUMOylation) of HIF-1α and inhibit A549 cell proliferation and migration under heat stress conditions (used to simulate incomplete RFA in vitro). We observed that knockdown of HSP70 altered the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins and genes (SLC7A11 and ACSL3), and the RNA-seq results showed that knockdown of HSP70 activated the ferroptosis pathway, further confirming that HSP70 regulates ferroptosis. In summary, HSP70, via HIF-1α SUMOylation, inhibited ferroptosis, inducing lung cancer recurrence after radiofrequency ablation. The study reveals a new direction for further research on therapeutic targets to suppress lung cancer recurrence and provides a theoretical foundation for further clinical studies.