Research on the evaluation system of “vegetation-atmosphere-water” environmental coordination development under ecological management

As environmental issues on a global scale continue to worsen, all regions are pursuing ecological management and sustainable development strategies. The coordinated development of the “vegetation-air-water” environment is one of the most essential research topics in ecological governance. The purpose of this paper is to develop an evaluation system for the development of environmental governance in Shaanxi Province, as well as to evaluate the benefits of environmental governance in Shaanxi Province from 2012 to 2021 and its influencing factors. An index system for the coordinated development of “vegetation-atmosphere-water” is constructed, and the benefits and influencing factors of environmental governance are comprehensively analysed by using comprehensive analysis methods such as the coupled coordination model of the system and entropy weight TOPSIS. The results indicate that the development trend of the coupling coordination degree has evolved through the stages of “uncoordinated development at the early stage of governance, transformed development at the middle stage of governance, and coordinated development at the first success stage of governance.” In addition, we identify the obstacles to the coordinated development of the environment and suggest appropriate countermeasures. The efficacy of environmental policy governance provides recommendations for future enhancements. It is important to note that ecological governance is influenced by both policy and nature; political influences, such as the switch from “returning farmland to forests” to “returning forests to farmland,” will result in the destruction of the original good vegetation growth, which will significantly reduce the coordinated benefits of ecological governance. The original coordinated system will also be fractured, which is a problem worth contemplating. And policymakers, researchers, and practitioners can use the evaluation system and analysis method proposed in this paper as an effective tool to promote sustainable development and ecological governance.