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What is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers?
PURPOSE: To compare performance, physiological and biomechanical responses between double poling (DP) and diagonal stride (DIA) during treadmill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers. METHOD: Twelve skiers (VO(2peak) DIA(up); 74.7 ± 3.7 ml kg(−1) min(−1)) performed two DP conditions at 1°...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638140/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37395762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05261-w |
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author | Lund-Hansen, Magne Gløersen, Øyvind Rud, Bjarne Losnegard, Thomas |
author_facet | Lund-Hansen, Magne Gløersen, Øyvind Rud, Bjarne Losnegard, Thomas |
author_sort | Lund-Hansen, Magne |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: To compare performance, physiological and biomechanical responses between double poling (DP) and diagonal stride (DIA) during treadmill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers. METHOD: Twelve skiers (VO(2peak) DIA(up); 74.7 ± 3.7 ml kg(−1) min(−1)) performed two DP conditions at 1° (DP(flat)) and 8° (DP(up)) incline, and one DIA condition, 8° (DIA(up)). Submaximal gross efficiency (GE) and maximal 3.5 min time-trial (TT) performance, including measurements of VO(2peak) and maximal accumulated O(2)-deficit (MAOD), were determined. Temporal patterns and kinematics were assessed using 2D video, while pole kinetics were obtained from pole force. RESULTS: DIA(up) induced (mean, [95% confidence interval]) 13% [4, 22] better 3.5-min TT performance, 7%, [5, 10]) higher VO(2peak) and 3% points [1, 5] higher GE compared to DP(up) (all P < 0.05). DP(up) induced 120% higher MAOD compared to DP(flat), while no significant differences were observed for VO(2peak) or GE between DP(flat) and DP(up). There was a large correlation between performance and GE in DP and a large correlation between performance and VO(2peak) for DIA(up) (all r = 0.7–0.8, P < 0.05). No correlations were found between performance and VO(2peak) for any of the DP conditions, nor between performance and GE for DIA(up) (r = 0.0–0.2, P > 0.1). CONCLUSION: At 8º uphill roller skiing, DIA(up) induce higher VO(2peak), GE, and superior time-trial performance than DP(up) in elite male skiers. There was no difference between VO(2peak) or GE between DP(flat) and DP(up). A large correlation was observed between DIA(up) performance and DIA(up) VO(2peak), while DP performance was best correlated to submaximal GE. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10638140 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106381402023-11-14 What is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers? Lund-Hansen, Magne Gløersen, Øyvind Rud, Bjarne Losnegard, Thomas Eur J Appl Physiol Original Article PURPOSE: To compare performance, physiological and biomechanical responses between double poling (DP) and diagonal stride (DIA) during treadmill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers. METHOD: Twelve skiers (VO(2peak) DIA(up); 74.7 ± 3.7 ml kg(−1) min(−1)) performed two DP conditions at 1° (DP(flat)) and 8° (DP(up)) incline, and one DIA condition, 8° (DIA(up)). Submaximal gross efficiency (GE) and maximal 3.5 min time-trial (TT) performance, including measurements of VO(2peak) and maximal accumulated O(2)-deficit (MAOD), were determined. Temporal patterns and kinematics were assessed using 2D video, while pole kinetics were obtained from pole force. RESULTS: DIA(up) induced (mean, [95% confidence interval]) 13% [4, 22] better 3.5-min TT performance, 7%, [5, 10]) higher VO(2peak) and 3% points [1, 5] higher GE compared to DP(up) (all P < 0.05). DP(up) induced 120% higher MAOD compared to DP(flat), while no significant differences were observed for VO(2peak) or GE between DP(flat) and DP(up). There was a large correlation between performance and GE in DP and a large correlation between performance and VO(2peak) for DIA(up) (all r = 0.7–0.8, P < 0.05). No correlations were found between performance and VO(2peak) for any of the DP conditions, nor between performance and GE for DIA(up) (r = 0.0–0.2, P > 0.1). CONCLUSION: At 8º uphill roller skiing, DIA(up) induce higher VO(2peak), GE, and superior time-trial performance than DP(up) in elite male skiers. There was no difference between VO(2peak) or GE between DP(flat) and DP(up). A large correlation was observed between DIA(up) performance and DIA(up) VO(2peak), while DP performance was best correlated to submaximal GE. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2023-07-03 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10638140/ /pubmed/37395762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05261-w Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Article Lund-Hansen, Magne Gløersen, Øyvind Rud, Bjarne Losnegard, Thomas What is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers? |
title | What is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers? |
title_full | What is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers? |
title_fullStr | What is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers? |
title_full_unstemmed | What is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers? |
title_short | What is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers? |
title_sort | what is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers? |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638140/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37395762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05261-w |
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