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The impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone

In this study, we investigate how the terrestrial-aquatic transition influenced patterns of axial integration and modularity in response to the secondary adaptation to a marine lifestyle. We use 3D geometric morphometrics to quantify shape covariation among presacral vertebrae in pinnipeds (Carnivor...

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Autores principales: Esteban, Juan Miguel, Martín-Serra, Alberto, Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro, Mulot, Baptiste, Jones, Katrina, Figueirido, Borja
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638317/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37949962
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05512-8
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author Esteban, Juan Miguel
Martín-Serra, Alberto
Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro
Mulot, Baptiste
Jones, Katrina
Figueirido, Borja
author_facet Esteban, Juan Miguel
Martín-Serra, Alberto
Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro
Mulot, Baptiste
Jones, Katrina
Figueirido, Borja
author_sort Esteban, Juan Miguel
collection PubMed
description In this study, we investigate how the terrestrial-aquatic transition influenced patterns of axial integration and modularity in response to the secondary adaptation to a marine lifestyle. We use 3D geometric morphometrics to quantify shape covariation among presacral vertebrae in pinnipeds (Carnivora; Pinnipedia) and to compare with patterns of axial integration and modularity in their close terrestrial relatives. Our results indicate that the vertebral column of pinnipeds has experienced a decrease in the strength of integration among all presacral vertebrae when compared to terrestrial carnivores (=fissipeds). However, separate integration analyses among the speciose Otariidae (i.e., sea lions and fur seals) and Phocidae (i.e., true seals) also suggests the presence of different axial organizations in these two groups of crown pinnipeds. While phocids present a set of integrated “thoracic” vertebrae, the presacral vertebrae of otariids are characterized by the absence of any set of vertebrae with high integration. We hypothesize that these differences could be linked to their specific modes of aquatic locomotion –i.e., pelvic vs pectoral oscillation. Our results provide evidence that the vertebral column of pinnipeds has been reorganized from the pattern observed in fissipeds but is more complex than a simple “homogenization” of the modular pattern of their close terrestrial relatives.
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spelling pubmed-106383172023-11-11 The impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone Esteban, Juan Miguel Martín-Serra, Alberto Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro Mulot, Baptiste Jones, Katrina Figueirido, Borja Commun Biol Article In this study, we investigate how the terrestrial-aquatic transition influenced patterns of axial integration and modularity in response to the secondary adaptation to a marine lifestyle. We use 3D geometric morphometrics to quantify shape covariation among presacral vertebrae in pinnipeds (Carnivora; Pinnipedia) and to compare with patterns of axial integration and modularity in their close terrestrial relatives. Our results indicate that the vertebral column of pinnipeds has experienced a decrease in the strength of integration among all presacral vertebrae when compared to terrestrial carnivores (=fissipeds). However, separate integration analyses among the speciose Otariidae (i.e., sea lions and fur seals) and Phocidae (i.e., true seals) also suggests the presence of different axial organizations in these two groups of crown pinnipeds. While phocids present a set of integrated “thoracic” vertebrae, the presacral vertebrae of otariids are characterized by the absence of any set of vertebrae with high integration. We hypothesize that these differences could be linked to their specific modes of aquatic locomotion –i.e., pelvic vs pectoral oscillation. Our results provide evidence that the vertebral column of pinnipeds has been reorganized from the pattern observed in fissipeds but is more complex than a simple “homogenization” of the modular pattern of their close terrestrial relatives. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10638317/ /pubmed/37949962 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05512-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Esteban, Juan Miguel
Martín-Serra, Alberto
Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro
Mulot, Baptiste
Jones, Katrina
Figueirido, Borja
The impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone
title The impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone
title_full The impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone
title_fullStr The impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone
title_full_unstemmed The impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone
title_short The impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone
title_sort impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638317/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37949962
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05512-8
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