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Trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a Caco-2 cell culture system

Although elevated blood levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) have been associated with atherosclerosis development in humans, the role of its gut microbiota-derived precursor, TMA, in this process has not been yet deciphered. Taking this into account, and the fact that increased intestinal fatty...

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Autores principales: Rodrigues, Catarina, Ismael, Shámila, Castela, Inês, Barreiros-Mota, Inês, Almeida, Maria João, Santos, Gilberto Maia, Calhau, Conceição, Rocha, Júlio César, Faria, Ana, Araújo, João R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2023
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10641700/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37964979
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jns.2023.91
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author Rodrigues, Catarina
Ismael, Shámila
Castela, Inês
Barreiros-Mota, Inês
Almeida, Maria João
Santos, Gilberto Maia
Calhau, Conceição
Rocha, Júlio César
Faria, Ana
Araújo, João R.
author_facet Rodrigues, Catarina
Ismael, Shámila
Castela, Inês
Barreiros-Mota, Inês
Almeida, Maria João
Santos, Gilberto Maia
Calhau, Conceição
Rocha, Júlio César
Faria, Ana
Araújo, João R.
author_sort Rodrigues, Catarina
collection PubMed
description Although elevated blood levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) have been associated with atherosclerosis development in humans, the role of its gut microbiota-derived precursor, TMA, in this process has not been yet deciphered. Taking this into account, and the fact that increased intestinal fatty acid absorption contributes to atherosclerosis onset and progression, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of TMA on fatty acid absorption in a cell line that mimics human enterocytes. Caco-2 cells were treated with TMA 250 μM for 24 h. Fatty acid absorption was assessed by measuring the apical-to-basolateral transport and the intracellular levels of BODIPY-C(12), a fluorescently labelled fatty acid analogue. Gene expression of the main intestinal fatty acid transporters was evaluated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Compared to control conditions, TMA increased, in a time-dependent manner and by 20–50 %, the apical-to-basolateral transport and intracellular levels of BODIPY-C(12) fatty acid in Caco-2 cells. Fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) and fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 gene expression were not stimulated by TMA, suggesting that TMA-induced increase in fatty acid transport may be mediated by an increase in FAT/CD36 and/or FATP4 activity and/or fatty acid passive transport. This study demonstrated that TMA increases the intestinal absorption of fatty acids. Future studies are necessary to confirm if this may constitute a novel mechanism that partially explains the existing positive association between the consumption of a diet rich in TMA sources (e.g. red meat) and the increased risk of atherosclerotic diseases.
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spelling pubmed-106417002023-11-14 Trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a Caco-2 cell culture system Rodrigues, Catarina Ismael, Shámila Castela, Inês Barreiros-Mota, Inês Almeida, Maria João Santos, Gilberto Maia Calhau, Conceição Rocha, Júlio César Faria, Ana Araújo, João R. J Nutr Sci Research Article Although elevated blood levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) have been associated with atherosclerosis development in humans, the role of its gut microbiota-derived precursor, TMA, in this process has not been yet deciphered. Taking this into account, and the fact that increased intestinal fatty acid absorption contributes to atherosclerosis onset and progression, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of TMA on fatty acid absorption in a cell line that mimics human enterocytes. Caco-2 cells were treated with TMA 250 μM for 24 h. Fatty acid absorption was assessed by measuring the apical-to-basolateral transport and the intracellular levels of BODIPY-C(12), a fluorescently labelled fatty acid analogue. Gene expression of the main intestinal fatty acid transporters was evaluated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Compared to control conditions, TMA increased, in a time-dependent manner and by 20–50 %, the apical-to-basolateral transport and intracellular levels of BODIPY-C(12) fatty acid in Caco-2 cells. Fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) and fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 gene expression were not stimulated by TMA, suggesting that TMA-induced increase in fatty acid transport may be mediated by an increase in FAT/CD36 and/or FATP4 activity and/or fatty acid passive transport. This study demonstrated that TMA increases the intestinal absorption of fatty acids. Future studies are necessary to confirm if this may constitute a novel mechanism that partially explains the existing positive association between the consumption of a diet rich in TMA sources (e.g. red meat) and the increased risk of atherosclerotic diseases. Cambridge University Press 2023-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10641700/ /pubmed/37964979 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jns.2023.91 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Rodrigues, Catarina
Ismael, Shámila
Castela, Inês
Barreiros-Mota, Inês
Almeida, Maria João
Santos, Gilberto Maia
Calhau, Conceição
Rocha, Júlio César
Faria, Ana
Araújo, João R.
Trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a Caco-2 cell culture system
title Trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a Caco-2 cell culture system
title_full Trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a Caco-2 cell culture system
title_fullStr Trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a Caco-2 cell culture system
title_full_unstemmed Trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a Caco-2 cell culture system
title_short Trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a Caco-2 cell culture system
title_sort trimethylamine increases intestinal fatty acid absorption: in vitro studies in a caco-2 cell culture system
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10641700/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37964979
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jns.2023.91
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