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The prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in Mogadishu, Somalia

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Somalia was predicted to be in the global stone belt with high urolithiasis prevalence. We aimed to determine the prevalence of urolithiasis and their demographic and computer tomography (CT) characteristics among subjects under CT scans in Mogadishu, Somalia. Materials...

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Autores principales: Dirie, Najib Isse, Adam, Mohamed Hussein, Garba, Bashiru, Dahie, Hassan Abdullahi, Sh. Nur, Maryan Abdullahi, Mohamed, Fartun Yasin, Mohamud, Abdirahman Khalif, Hassan, Jihaan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10641771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37965514
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1203640
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author Dirie, Najib Isse
Adam, Mohamed Hussein
Garba, Bashiru
Dahie, Hassan Abdullahi
Sh. Nur, Maryan Abdullahi
Mohamed, Fartun Yasin
Mohamud, Abdirahman Khalif
Hassan, Jihaan
author_facet Dirie, Najib Isse
Adam, Mohamed Hussein
Garba, Bashiru
Dahie, Hassan Abdullahi
Sh. Nur, Maryan Abdullahi
Mohamed, Fartun Yasin
Mohamud, Abdirahman Khalif
Hassan, Jihaan
author_sort Dirie, Najib Isse
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Somalia was predicted to be in the global stone belt with high urolithiasis prevalence. We aimed to determine the prevalence of urolithiasis and their demographic and computer tomography (CT) characteristics among subjects under CT scans in Mogadishu, Somalia. Materials and Methods: From March 2014 to November 2022, a total of 7,276 patients who underwent an abdominopelvic non-contrast CT scan for various indications were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age was 45.6 years with a standard deviation of 21.1 (range, 0.2–110 years). Patients were subdivided into two categories: adults (≥18 years) and pediatric (≤17 years). RESULTS: Of the 7,276 patients, 1,075 (14.8%) were diagnosed with urolithiasis. Among those with urolithiasis, 702 (65.3%) were male patients, and 373 (34.7%) were female patients. Among them, adults accounted for 92.7%, while children were 7.3%. Renal stones (nephrolithiasis) were the most common, representing 57% followed by ureteric stones at 35.5%, making upper urinary stones 92.5%. Approximately 70 patients (6.5%) had bladder stones; of these, 26 of them (37%) were accompanied by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There were 10 urethral stones (0.9%) recorded in the study, all were found in male patients, 8 localized in prostatic urethra, and 2 in the bulbar urethra. The overall mean stone size was 13.2 mm, and 60% of them ranged from 5 to 22 mm. Only 24% of the patients were asymptomatic. Single stones were almost 70%, while staghorn calculi were 8.2%. More than 60% of the patients with urolithiasis showed some degree of hydronephrosis ranging between mild to severe. CONCLUSION: A CT scan-based urolithiasis prevalence indicates 14.8% in Mogadishu, Somalia, and these results are consistent with the probability calculation of the weights-of-evidence (WofE) methodology based on several risk factors including temperature, climate change, mineral deposit, drinking water quality, and distribution of carbonated rocks. Considering the high prevalence of the disease, Somalia needs to invest more in prevention and treatment facilities while also training urologists that are capable of utilizing minimally invasive techniques in the country.
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spelling pubmed-106417712023-11-14 The prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in Mogadishu, Somalia Dirie, Najib Isse Adam, Mohamed Hussein Garba, Bashiru Dahie, Hassan Abdullahi Sh. Nur, Maryan Abdullahi Mohamed, Fartun Yasin Mohamud, Abdirahman Khalif Hassan, Jihaan Front Public Health Public Health INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Somalia was predicted to be in the global stone belt with high urolithiasis prevalence. We aimed to determine the prevalence of urolithiasis and their demographic and computer tomography (CT) characteristics among subjects under CT scans in Mogadishu, Somalia. Materials and Methods: From March 2014 to November 2022, a total of 7,276 patients who underwent an abdominopelvic non-contrast CT scan for various indications were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age was 45.6 years with a standard deviation of 21.1 (range, 0.2–110 years). Patients were subdivided into two categories: adults (≥18 years) and pediatric (≤17 years). RESULTS: Of the 7,276 patients, 1,075 (14.8%) were diagnosed with urolithiasis. Among those with urolithiasis, 702 (65.3%) were male patients, and 373 (34.7%) were female patients. Among them, adults accounted for 92.7%, while children were 7.3%. Renal stones (nephrolithiasis) were the most common, representing 57% followed by ureteric stones at 35.5%, making upper urinary stones 92.5%. Approximately 70 patients (6.5%) had bladder stones; of these, 26 of them (37%) were accompanied by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There were 10 urethral stones (0.9%) recorded in the study, all were found in male patients, 8 localized in prostatic urethra, and 2 in the bulbar urethra. The overall mean stone size was 13.2 mm, and 60% of them ranged from 5 to 22 mm. Only 24% of the patients were asymptomatic. Single stones were almost 70%, while staghorn calculi were 8.2%. More than 60% of the patients with urolithiasis showed some degree of hydronephrosis ranging between mild to severe. CONCLUSION: A CT scan-based urolithiasis prevalence indicates 14.8% in Mogadishu, Somalia, and these results are consistent with the probability calculation of the weights-of-evidence (WofE) methodology based on several risk factors including temperature, climate change, mineral deposit, drinking water quality, and distribution of carbonated rocks. Considering the high prevalence of the disease, Somalia needs to invest more in prevention and treatment facilities while also training urologists that are capable of utilizing minimally invasive techniques in the country. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10641771/ /pubmed/37965514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1203640 Text en Copyright © 2023 Dirie, Adam, Garba, Dahie, Sh. Nur, Mohamed, Mohamud and Hassan. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Dirie, Najib Isse
Adam, Mohamed Hussein
Garba, Bashiru
Dahie, Hassan Abdullahi
Sh. Nur, Maryan Abdullahi
Mohamed, Fartun Yasin
Mohamud, Abdirahman Khalif
Hassan, Jihaan
The prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in Mogadishu, Somalia
title The prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in Mogadishu, Somalia
title_full The prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in Mogadishu, Somalia
title_fullStr The prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in Mogadishu, Somalia
title_full_unstemmed The prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in Mogadishu, Somalia
title_short The prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in Mogadishu, Somalia
title_sort prevalence of urolithiasis in subjects undergoing computer tomography in selected referral diagnostic centers in mogadishu, somalia
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10641771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37965514
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1203640
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