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PDGF, NGF, and EGF as main contributors to tumorigenesis in high-risk retinoblastoma
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common form of eye cancer experienced in childhood. Its aggressive malignancy is associated with excellent survival rates in high-income countries; however, the prognosis in third-world countries is less favorable. Early diagnosis can maximize the patient’s visual out...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10642836/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37965463 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1144951 |
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author | Al-Ghazzawi, Karim Wessolly, Michael Dalbah, Sami Ketteler, Petra Kiefer, Tobias Bechrakis, Nikolaos Leyla, Jabbarli Ting, Saskia Biewald, Eva Mairinger, Fabian D. |
author_facet | Al-Ghazzawi, Karim Wessolly, Michael Dalbah, Sami Ketteler, Petra Kiefer, Tobias Bechrakis, Nikolaos Leyla, Jabbarli Ting, Saskia Biewald, Eva Mairinger, Fabian D. |
author_sort | Al-Ghazzawi, Karim |
collection | PubMed |
description | Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common form of eye cancer experienced in childhood. Its aggressive malignancy is associated with excellent survival rates in high-income countries; however, the prognosis in third-world countries is less favorable. Early diagnosis can maximize the patient’s visual outcomes and their survival rate. Therapy should be conducted in highly specialized treatment centers. Intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) in bilaterally affected children currently forms the majority of therapy. Local destructive procedures and local chemotherapies such as intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) or intravitreal chemotherapy can be taken into consideration depending on the extent and size of the tumor. Nonetheless, children and parents remain under constant stress, revisiting doctors for medical treatment and fearing vision loss and even enucleation of the eye. Adequate molecular patient stratification to improve targeted therapy is still lacking. This retrospective study analyzed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from a cohort of 21 RB samples. A total of 11 of those samples showed undifferentiated retinoblastoma (URB) histopathological risk features, and the other 10 showed differentiated retinoblastoma (DRB) histopathological grading. RNA from all samples was isolated and analyzed via digital gene expression patterns. Conductors of cell survival and DNA repair were dominant in the DRB samples. In contrast, the agents responsible for cell–cycle progression and apoptosis were overexpressed in URB samples. Our work reveals the importance of molecular mechanisms within the immune system subjected to histologic subtypes of RB, providing more detailed background on their genetic behavior. This is of great interest for therapeutic strategies, such as targeted immune- and gene-based therapies, for retinoblastoma. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10642836 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106428362023-11-14 PDGF, NGF, and EGF as main contributors to tumorigenesis in high-risk retinoblastoma Al-Ghazzawi, Karim Wessolly, Michael Dalbah, Sami Ketteler, Petra Kiefer, Tobias Bechrakis, Nikolaos Leyla, Jabbarli Ting, Saskia Biewald, Eva Mairinger, Fabian D. Front Oncol Oncology Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common form of eye cancer experienced in childhood. Its aggressive malignancy is associated with excellent survival rates in high-income countries; however, the prognosis in third-world countries is less favorable. Early diagnosis can maximize the patient’s visual outcomes and their survival rate. Therapy should be conducted in highly specialized treatment centers. Intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) in bilaterally affected children currently forms the majority of therapy. Local destructive procedures and local chemotherapies such as intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) or intravitreal chemotherapy can be taken into consideration depending on the extent and size of the tumor. Nonetheless, children and parents remain under constant stress, revisiting doctors for medical treatment and fearing vision loss and even enucleation of the eye. Adequate molecular patient stratification to improve targeted therapy is still lacking. This retrospective study analyzed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from a cohort of 21 RB samples. A total of 11 of those samples showed undifferentiated retinoblastoma (URB) histopathological risk features, and the other 10 showed differentiated retinoblastoma (DRB) histopathological grading. RNA from all samples was isolated and analyzed via digital gene expression patterns. Conductors of cell survival and DNA repair were dominant in the DRB samples. In contrast, the agents responsible for cell–cycle progression and apoptosis were overexpressed in URB samples. Our work reveals the importance of molecular mechanisms within the immune system subjected to histologic subtypes of RB, providing more detailed background on their genetic behavior. This is of great interest for therapeutic strategies, such as targeted immune- and gene-based therapies, for retinoblastoma. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10642836/ /pubmed/37965463 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1144951 Text en Copyright © 2023 Al-Ghazzawi, Wessolly, Dalbah, Ketteler, Kiefer, Bechrakis, Leyla, Ting, Biewald and Mairinger https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Oncology Al-Ghazzawi, Karim Wessolly, Michael Dalbah, Sami Ketteler, Petra Kiefer, Tobias Bechrakis, Nikolaos Leyla, Jabbarli Ting, Saskia Biewald, Eva Mairinger, Fabian D. PDGF, NGF, and EGF as main contributors to tumorigenesis in high-risk retinoblastoma |
title | PDGF, NGF, and EGF as main contributors to tumorigenesis in high-risk retinoblastoma |
title_full | PDGF, NGF, and EGF as main contributors to tumorigenesis in high-risk retinoblastoma |
title_fullStr | PDGF, NGF, and EGF as main contributors to tumorigenesis in high-risk retinoblastoma |
title_full_unstemmed | PDGF, NGF, and EGF as main contributors to tumorigenesis in high-risk retinoblastoma |
title_short | PDGF, NGF, and EGF as main contributors to tumorigenesis in high-risk retinoblastoma |
title_sort | pdgf, ngf, and egf as main contributors to tumorigenesis in high-risk retinoblastoma |
topic | Oncology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10642836/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37965463 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1144951 |
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