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Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age
OBJECTIVES: Social cognitive function often declines in older age but the mechanisms underlying these declines are not completely clear. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular strength are positively associated with broader cognitive function in older adults, yet surprisingly, no study has exa...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10645310/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37480568 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbad101 |
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author | Grainger, Sarah A Henry, Julie D Alister, Manikya Bourdaniotis, Xanthia E Mead, Jessica Bailey, Tom G Coombes, Jeff S Vear, Natalie |
author_facet | Grainger, Sarah A Henry, Julie D Alister, Manikya Bourdaniotis, Xanthia E Mead, Jessica Bailey, Tom G Coombes, Jeff S Vear, Natalie |
author_sort | Grainger, Sarah A |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: Social cognitive function often declines in older age but the mechanisms underlying these declines are not completely clear. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular strength are positively associated with broader cognitive function in older adults, yet surprisingly, no study has examined whether a similar relationship exists between CRF or muscular strength and social cognition in older age. METHODS: We assessed whether higher CRF and muscular strength were associated with enhanced social cognitive function in a sample of fifty older adults (M(age) = 70.08, standard deviation = 3.93). Participants completed a gold-standard cardiopulmonary exercise test to assess CRF, an isometric handgrip strength test to index muscular strength, and validated measures of social cognition to index emotion perception and theory of mind (ToM). RESULTS: The results showed that CRF and muscular strength did not explain any unique variance in older adults’ social cognitive performance. Bayesian analyses confirmed that the evidence for the null hypothesis was moderate for all tested relationships, except for the relationship between CRF and cognitive ToM where the evidence for the null was anecdotal. DISCUSSION: This study has provided the first evidence to suggest that CRF and muscular strength—two important modifiable lifestyle factors—are not associated with social cognition in healthy older adults. However, replication studies are now needed to cross-validate these findings and to clarify whether any moderating variables may be important for understanding the relationship between fitness and social cognition in older age. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10645310 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106453102023-11-15 Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age Grainger, Sarah A Henry, Julie D Alister, Manikya Bourdaniotis, Xanthia E Mead, Jessica Bailey, Tom G Coombes, Jeff S Vear, Natalie J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Psychological Sciences OBJECTIVES: Social cognitive function often declines in older age but the mechanisms underlying these declines are not completely clear. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular strength are positively associated with broader cognitive function in older adults, yet surprisingly, no study has examined whether a similar relationship exists between CRF or muscular strength and social cognition in older age. METHODS: We assessed whether higher CRF and muscular strength were associated with enhanced social cognitive function in a sample of fifty older adults (M(age) = 70.08, standard deviation = 3.93). Participants completed a gold-standard cardiopulmonary exercise test to assess CRF, an isometric handgrip strength test to index muscular strength, and validated measures of social cognition to index emotion perception and theory of mind (ToM). RESULTS: The results showed that CRF and muscular strength did not explain any unique variance in older adults’ social cognitive performance. Bayesian analyses confirmed that the evidence for the null hypothesis was moderate for all tested relationships, except for the relationship between CRF and cognitive ToM where the evidence for the null was anecdotal. DISCUSSION: This study has provided the first evidence to suggest that CRF and muscular strength—two important modifiable lifestyle factors—are not associated with social cognition in healthy older adults. However, replication studies are now needed to cross-validate these findings and to clarify whether any moderating variables may be important for understanding the relationship between fitness and social cognition in older age. Oxford University Press 2023-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10645310/ /pubmed/37480568 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbad101 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Psychological Sciences Grainger, Sarah A Henry, Julie D Alister, Manikya Bourdaniotis, Xanthia E Mead, Jessica Bailey, Tom G Coombes, Jeff S Vear, Natalie Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age |
title | Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age |
title_full | Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age |
title_fullStr | Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age |
title_full_unstemmed | Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age |
title_short | Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age |
title_sort | cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength do not predict social cognitive capacity in older age |
topic | THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Psychological Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10645310/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37480568 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbad101 |
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