Changes in eotaxin-3 and pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine levels in patients after dupilumab treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION: Dupilumab is approved for a variety of type 2 inflammatory diseases. Changes in chemokine levels during treatment require further analysis. AIM: We evaluated changes in eotaxin-3 and PARC levels after dupilumab treatment through a meta-analysis, aiming to provide more comprehensive results. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Databases were searched to select eligible publications. The study quality was assessed after inclusion. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for evaluation. RESULTS: Four studies were included. Eotaxin-3 levels were not seen significantly decreased at weeks 1 and 12, with SMD = –0.39 (95% CI: –1.78, 0.99) and –2.60 (95% CI: –5.77, 0.57), respectively (p > 0.05). Eotaxin-3 levels decreased significantly at weeks 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 36, and 52, with SMD = –0.94 (95% CI: –1.61, –0.27); –1.17 (95% CI: –1.49, –0.84); –1.20 (95% CI: –1.52, –0.88); –1.31 (95% CI: –1.83, –0.79); –4.57 (95% CI: –6.90, –2.33); –5.28 (95% CI: –5.52, –5.04); and –4.03 (95% CI: –4.22, –3.85) (p < 0.05), respectively. PARC levels decreased significantly at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16, with SMD = –1.08 (95% CI: –1.59, –0.58); –1.17 (95% CI: –1.68, –0.66); –1.11 (95% CI: –1.61, –0.60); and –1.15 (95% CI: –1.66, –0.64) (p < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Eotaxin-3 and PARC levels can be significantly reduced in patients treated with dupilumab.