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Inspection of Spot Welded Joints with the Use of the Ultrasonic Surface Wave

Spot welded joints play a crucial role in the construction of modern automobiles, serving as a vital method for enhancing the structural integrity, strength, and durability of the vehicle body. Taking into account spot welding process in automotive bodies, numerous defects can arise, such as insuffi...

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Autores principales: Ulbrich, Dariusz, Psuj, Grzegorz, Wypych, Artur, Bartkowski, Dariusz, Bartkowska, Aneta, Stachowiak, Arkadiusz, Kowalczyk, Jakub
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10647274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37959625
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16217029
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author Ulbrich, Dariusz
Psuj, Grzegorz
Wypych, Artur
Bartkowski, Dariusz
Bartkowska, Aneta
Stachowiak, Arkadiusz
Kowalczyk, Jakub
author_facet Ulbrich, Dariusz
Psuj, Grzegorz
Wypych, Artur
Bartkowski, Dariusz
Bartkowska, Aneta
Stachowiak, Arkadiusz
Kowalczyk, Jakub
author_sort Ulbrich, Dariusz
collection PubMed
description Spot welded joints play a crucial role in the construction of modern automobiles, serving as a vital method for enhancing the structural integrity, strength, and durability of the vehicle body. Taking into account spot welding process in automotive bodies, numerous defects can arise, such as insufficient weld nugget diameter. It may have evident influence on vehicle operation or even contribute to accidents on the road. Hence, there is a need for non-invasive methods that allow to assess the quality of the spot welds without compromising their structural integrity and characteristics. Thus, this study describes a novel method for assessing spot welded joints using ultrasound technology. The usage of ultrasonic surface waves is the main component of the proposed advancement. The study employed ultrasonic transducers operating at a frequency of 10 MHz and a specially designed setup for testing various spot welded samples. The parameters of the spot welding procedure and the size of the weld nugget caused differences in the ultrasonic surface waveforms that were recorded during experiments. One of the indicators of weld quality was the amplitude of the ultrasonic pulse. For low quality spot welds, the amplitude amounted to around 25% of the maximum value when using single-sided transducers. Conversely, for high-quality welds an amplitude of 90% was achieved. Depending on the size of the weld nugget, a larger or smaller amount of wave energy is transferred, which results in a smaller or larger amplitude of the ultrasonic pulse. Comparable results were obtained when employing transducers on both sides of the tested joint, as an amplitude ranging from 13% for inferior welds to 97% for superior ones was observed. This research confirmed the feasibility of employing surface waves to assess the diameter of the weld nugget accurately.
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spelling pubmed-106472742023-11-03 Inspection of Spot Welded Joints with the Use of the Ultrasonic Surface Wave Ulbrich, Dariusz Psuj, Grzegorz Wypych, Artur Bartkowski, Dariusz Bartkowska, Aneta Stachowiak, Arkadiusz Kowalczyk, Jakub Materials (Basel) Article Spot welded joints play a crucial role in the construction of modern automobiles, serving as a vital method for enhancing the structural integrity, strength, and durability of the vehicle body. Taking into account spot welding process in automotive bodies, numerous defects can arise, such as insufficient weld nugget diameter. It may have evident influence on vehicle operation or even contribute to accidents on the road. Hence, there is a need for non-invasive methods that allow to assess the quality of the spot welds without compromising their structural integrity and characteristics. Thus, this study describes a novel method for assessing spot welded joints using ultrasound technology. The usage of ultrasonic surface waves is the main component of the proposed advancement. The study employed ultrasonic transducers operating at a frequency of 10 MHz and a specially designed setup for testing various spot welded samples. The parameters of the spot welding procedure and the size of the weld nugget caused differences in the ultrasonic surface waveforms that were recorded during experiments. One of the indicators of weld quality was the amplitude of the ultrasonic pulse. For low quality spot welds, the amplitude amounted to around 25% of the maximum value when using single-sided transducers. Conversely, for high-quality welds an amplitude of 90% was achieved. Depending on the size of the weld nugget, a larger or smaller amount of wave energy is transferred, which results in a smaller or larger amplitude of the ultrasonic pulse. Comparable results were obtained when employing transducers on both sides of the tested joint, as an amplitude ranging from 13% for inferior welds to 97% for superior ones was observed. This research confirmed the feasibility of employing surface waves to assess the diameter of the weld nugget accurately. MDPI 2023-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10647274/ /pubmed/37959625 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16217029 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ulbrich, Dariusz
Psuj, Grzegorz
Wypych, Artur
Bartkowski, Dariusz
Bartkowska, Aneta
Stachowiak, Arkadiusz
Kowalczyk, Jakub
Inspection of Spot Welded Joints with the Use of the Ultrasonic Surface Wave
title Inspection of Spot Welded Joints with the Use of the Ultrasonic Surface Wave
title_full Inspection of Spot Welded Joints with the Use of the Ultrasonic Surface Wave
title_fullStr Inspection of Spot Welded Joints with the Use of the Ultrasonic Surface Wave
title_full_unstemmed Inspection of Spot Welded Joints with the Use of the Ultrasonic Surface Wave
title_short Inspection of Spot Welded Joints with the Use of the Ultrasonic Surface Wave
title_sort inspection of spot welded joints with the use of the ultrasonic surface wave
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10647274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37959625
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16217029
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