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Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics
The gut microbiome is intimately intertwined with the host immune system, having effects on the systemic immune system. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked not only to gastrointestinal disorders but also conditions of the skin, lungs, and brain. Commensal bacteria can affect the immune s...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10647581/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37958628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115644 |
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author | McCuaig, Bonita Goto, Yoshiyuki |
author_facet | McCuaig, Bonita Goto, Yoshiyuki |
author_sort | McCuaig, Bonita |
collection | PubMed |
description | The gut microbiome is intimately intertwined with the host immune system, having effects on the systemic immune system. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked not only to gastrointestinal disorders but also conditions of the skin, lungs, and brain. Commensal bacteria can affect the immune status of the host through a stimulation of the innate immune system, training of the adaptive immune system, and competitive exclusion of pathogens. Commensal bacteria improve immune response through the production of immunomodulating compounds such as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and secondary bile acids. The microbiome, especially when in dysbiosis, is plastic and can be manipulated through the introduction of beneficial bacteria or the adjustment of nutrients to stimulate the expansion of beneficial taxa. The complex nature of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) ecosystem complicates the use of these methods, as similar treatments have various results in individuals with different residential microbiomes and differential health statuses. A more complete understanding of the interaction between commensal species, host genetics, and the host immune system is needed for effective microbiome interventions to be developed and implemented in a clinical setting. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10647581 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106475812023-10-27 Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics McCuaig, Bonita Goto, Yoshiyuki Int J Mol Sci Review The gut microbiome is intimately intertwined with the host immune system, having effects on the systemic immune system. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked not only to gastrointestinal disorders but also conditions of the skin, lungs, and brain. Commensal bacteria can affect the immune status of the host through a stimulation of the innate immune system, training of the adaptive immune system, and competitive exclusion of pathogens. Commensal bacteria improve immune response through the production of immunomodulating compounds such as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and secondary bile acids. The microbiome, especially when in dysbiosis, is plastic and can be manipulated through the introduction of beneficial bacteria or the adjustment of nutrients to stimulate the expansion of beneficial taxa. The complex nature of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) ecosystem complicates the use of these methods, as similar treatments have various results in individuals with different residential microbiomes and differential health statuses. A more complete understanding of the interaction between commensal species, host genetics, and the host immune system is needed for effective microbiome interventions to be developed and implemented in a clinical setting. MDPI 2023-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10647581/ /pubmed/37958628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115644 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review McCuaig, Bonita Goto, Yoshiyuki Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics |
title | Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics |
title_full | Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics |
title_fullStr | Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics |
title_full_unstemmed | Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics |
title_short | Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics |
title_sort | immunostimulating commensal bacteria and their potential use as therapeutics |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10647581/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37958628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115644 |
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