Endometrial Cancer in a Patient With Didelphys Uterus and a History of Renal Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review

Müllerian duct anomalies (MDAs) concurrent with endometrial cancer are exceptionally rare, with only a few documented cases. Here, we present a case of endometrial cancer in both horns of a didelphys uterus in a 54-year-old woman with a history of renal cancer, who underwent left radical nephrectomy and left salpingo-oophorectomy. The patient sought medical evaluation due to postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage revealed the presence of two cervixes and two endometrial cavities, with pathology results indicating endometrioid adenocarcinoma (G1). Preoperative MRI staging confirmed the diagnosis of a double cervix and uterus. Subsequently, an open abdominal hysterectomy and a right salpingo-oophorectomy were performed, revealing a didelphys uterus (International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2018, stage IA). This manuscript aims to explore the potential correlation between renal and endometrial malignancies in the presence of MDAs.