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Plastic in the Environment: A Modern Type of Abiotic Stress for Plant Physiology
In recent years, plastic pollution has become a growing environmental concern: more than 350 million tons of plastic material are produced annually. Although many efforts have been made to recycle waste, a significant proportion of these plastics contaminate and accumulate in the environment. A cent...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10648480/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37960073 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12213717 |
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author | Santini, Giorgia Castiglia, Daniela Perrotta, Maryanna Martina Landi, Simone Maisto, Giulia Esposito, Sergio |
author_facet | Santini, Giorgia Castiglia, Daniela Perrotta, Maryanna Martina Landi, Simone Maisto, Giulia Esposito, Sergio |
author_sort | Santini, Giorgia |
collection | PubMed |
description | In recent years, plastic pollution has become a growing environmental concern: more than 350 million tons of plastic material are produced annually. Although many efforts have been made to recycle waste, a significant proportion of these plastics contaminate and accumulate in the environment. A central point in plastic pollution is demonstrated by the evidence that plastic objects gradually and continuously split up into smaller pieces, thus producing subtle and invisible pollution caused by microplastics (MP) and nanoplastics (NP). The small dimensions of these particles allow for the diffusion of these contaminants in farmlands, forest, freshwater, and oceans worldwide, posing serious menaces to human, animal, and plant health. The uptake of MPs and NPs into plant cells seriously affects plant growth, development, and photosynthesis, finally limiting crop yields and endangering natural environmental biodiversity. Furthermore, nano- and microplastics—once adsorbed by plants—can easily enter the food chain, being highly toxic to animals and humans. This review addresses the impacts of MP and NP particles on plants in the terrestrial environment. In particular, we provide an overview here of the detrimental effects of photosynthetic injuries, oxidative stress, ROS production, and protein damage triggered by MN and NP in higher plants and, more specifically, in crops. The possible damage at the physiological and environmental levels is discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10648480 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106484802023-10-29 Plastic in the Environment: A Modern Type of Abiotic Stress for Plant Physiology Santini, Giorgia Castiglia, Daniela Perrotta, Maryanna Martina Landi, Simone Maisto, Giulia Esposito, Sergio Plants (Basel) Review In recent years, plastic pollution has become a growing environmental concern: more than 350 million tons of plastic material are produced annually. Although many efforts have been made to recycle waste, a significant proportion of these plastics contaminate and accumulate in the environment. A central point in plastic pollution is demonstrated by the evidence that plastic objects gradually and continuously split up into smaller pieces, thus producing subtle and invisible pollution caused by microplastics (MP) and nanoplastics (NP). The small dimensions of these particles allow for the diffusion of these contaminants in farmlands, forest, freshwater, and oceans worldwide, posing serious menaces to human, animal, and plant health. The uptake of MPs and NPs into plant cells seriously affects plant growth, development, and photosynthesis, finally limiting crop yields and endangering natural environmental biodiversity. Furthermore, nano- and microplastics—once adsorbed by plants—can easily enter the food chain, being highly toxic to animals and humans. This review addresses the impacts of MP and NP particles on plants in the terrestrial environment. In particular, we provide an overview here of the detrimental effects of photosynthetic injuries, oxidative stress, ROS production, and protein damage triggered by MN and NP in higher plants and, more specifically, in crops. The possible damage at the physiological and environmental levels is discussed. MDPI 2023-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10648480/ /pubmed/37960073 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12213717 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Santini, Giorgia Castiglia, Daniela Perrotta, Maryanna Martina Landi, Simone Maisto, Giulia Esposito, Sergio Plastic in the Environment: A Modern Type of Abiotic Stress for Plant Physiology |
title | Plastic in the Environment: A Modern Type of Abiotic Stress for Plant Physiology |
title_full | Plastic in the Environment: A Modern Type of Abiotic Stress for Plant Physiology |
title_fullStr | Plastic in the Environment: A Modern Type of Abiotic Stress for Plant Physiology |
title_full_unstemmed | Plastic in the Environment: A Modern Type of Abiotic Stress for Plant Physiology |
title_short | Plastic in the Environment: A Modern Type of Abiotic Stress for Plant Physiology |
title_sort | plastic in the environment: a modern type of abiotic stress for plant physiology |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10648480/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37960073 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12213717 |
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