Cargando…
Alkylbenzoic and Alkyloxybenzoic Acid Blending for Expanding the Liquid Crystalline State and Improving Its Rheology
Thermotropic mesogens typically exist as liquid crystals (LCs) in a narrow region of high temperatures, making lowering their melting point with the temperature expansion of the mesophase state an urgent task. Para-substituted benzoic acids can form LCs through noncovalent dimerization into homodime...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10649347/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37958690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115706 |
_version_ | 1785135546275725312 |
---|---|
author | Yadykova, Anastasiya Y. Konstantinov, Ivan I. Vlasova, Anna V. Varfolomeeva, Lydia A. Ilyin, Sergey O. |
author_facet | Yadykova, Anastasiya Y. Konstantinov, Ivan I. Vlasova, Anna V. Varfolomeeva, Lydia A. Ilyin, Sergey O. |
author_sort | Yadykova, Anastasiya Y. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Thermotropic mesogens typically exist as liquid crystals (LCs) in a narrow region of high temperatures, making lowering their melting point with the temperature expansion of the mesophase state an urgent task. Para-substituted benzoic acids can form LCs through noncovalent dimerization into homodimers via hydrogen bonds, whose strength and, consequently, the temperature region of the mesophase state can be potentially altered by creating asymmetric heterodimers from different acids. This work investigates equimolar blends of p-n-alkylbenzoic (kBA, where k is the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl radical) and p-n-alkyloxybenzoic (kOBA) acids by calorimetry and viscometry to establish their phase transitions and regions of mesophase existence. Non-symmetric dimerization of acids leads to the extension of the nematic state region towards low temperatures and the appearance of new monotropic and enantiotropic phase transitions in several cases. Moreover, the crystal–nematic and nematic–isotropic phase changes have a two-step character for some acid blends, suggesting the formation of symmetric and asymmetric associates from heterodimers. The mixing of 6BA and 8OBA most strongly extends the region of the nematic state towards low temperatures (from 95–114 °C and 108–147 °C for initial homodimers, respectively, to 57–133 °C for the resulting heterodimer), whereas the combination of 4OBA and 5OBA gives the most extended high-temperature nematic phase (up to 156 °C) and that of 6BA and 9OBA (or 12OBA) provides the existence of a smectic phase at the lowest temperatures (down to 51 °C). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10649347 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106493472023-10-28 Alkylbenzoic and Alkyloxybenzoic Acid Blending for Expanding the Liquid Crystalline State and Improving Its Rheology Yadykova, Anastasiya Y. Konstantinov, Ivan I. Vlasova, Anna V. Varfolomeeva, Lydia A. Ilyin, Sergey O. Int J Mol Sci Article Thermotropic mesogens typically exist as liquid crystals (LCs) in a narrow region of high temperatures, making lowering their melting point with the temperature expansion of the mesophase state an urgent task. Para-substituted benzoic acids can form LCs through noncovalent dimerization into homodimers via hydrogen bonds, whose strength and, consequently, the temperature region of the mesophase state can be potentially altered by creating asymmetric heterodimers from different acids. This work investigates equimolar blends of p-n-alkylbenzoic (kBA, where k is the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl radical) and p-n-alkyloxybenzoic (kOBA) acids by calorimetry and viscometry to establish their phase transitions and regions of mesophase existence. Non-symmetric dimerization of acids leads to the extension of the nematic state region towards low temperatures and the appearance of new monotropic and enantiotropic phase transitions in several cases. Moreover, the crystal–nematic and nematic–isotropic phase changes have a two-step character for some acid blends, suggesting the formation of symmetric and asymmetric associates from heterodimers. The mixing of 6BA and 8OBA most strongly extends the region of the nematic state towards low temperatures (from 95–114 °C and 108–147 °C for initial homodimers, respectively, to 57–133 °C for the resulting heterodimer), whereas the combination of 4OBA and 5OBA gives the most extended high-temperature nematic phase (up to 156 °C) and that of 6BA and 9OBA (or 12OBA) provides the existence of a smectic phase at the lowest temperatures (down to 51 °C). MDPI 2023-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10649347/ /pubmed/37958690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115706 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Yadykova, Anastasiya Y. Konstantinov, Ivan I. Vlasova, Anna V. Varfolomeeva, Lydia A. Ilyin, Sergey O. Alkylbenzoic and Alkyloxybenzoic Acid Blending for Expanding the Liquid Crystalline State and Improving Its Rheology |
title | Alkylbenzoic and Alkyloxybenzoic Acid Blending for Expanding the Liquid Crystalline State and Improving Its Rheology |
title_full | Alkylbenzoic and Alkyloxybenzoic Acid Blending for Expanding the Liquid Crystalline State and Improving Its Rheology |
title_fullStr | Alkylbenzoic and Alkyloxybenzoic Acid Blending for Expanding the Liquid Crystalline State and Improving Its Rheology |
title_full_unstemmed | Alkylbenzoic and Alkyloxybenzoic Acid Blending for Expanding the Liquid Crystalline State and Improving Its Rheology |
title_short | Alkylbenzoic and Alkyloxybenzoic Acid Blending for Expanding the Liquid Crystalline State and Improving Its Rheology |
title_sort | alkylbenzoic and alkyloxybenzoic acid blending for expanding the liquid crystalline state and improving its rheology |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10649347/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37958690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115706 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT yadykovaanastasiyay alkylbenzoicandalkyloxybenzoicacidblendingforexpandingtheliquidcrystallinestateandimprovingitsrheology AT konstantinovivani alkylbenzoicandalkyloxybenzoicacidblendingforexpandingtheliquidcrystallinestateandimprovingitsrheology AT vlasovaannav alkylbenzoicandalkyloxybenzoicacidblendingforexpandingtheliquidcrystallinestateandimprovingitsrheology AT varfolomeevalydiaa alkylbenzoicandalkyloxybenzoicacidblendingforexpandingtheliquidcrystallinestateandimprovingitsrheology AT ilyinsergeyo alkylbenzoicandalkyloxybenzoicacidblendingforexpandingtheliquidcrystallinestateandimprovingitsrheology |